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The Opioid Epidemic

The Opioid Epidemic

What Everyone Needs to Know®

9780190916022
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Description
An incisive, essential guide to understanding one of todays most urgent - and complex - problems. The opioid epidemic is responsible for longest sustained decline in U.S. life expectancy since the time of World War I and the Great Influenza. In 2017, nearly 50,000 Americans died from an opioid overdose - with an estimated 2 million more living with opioid addiction every day. The Opioid Epidemic:: What Everyone Needs to Know is an accessible, nonpartisan overview of the causes, politics, and treatments tied to the most devastating health crisis of our time. Its comprehensive approach and Q&A format offer readers a practical path to understanding the epidemic from all sides. This includes:: · the basic science of opioids · the nature of addiction · the underlying reasons for the opioid epidemic · effective approaches to helping individuals, families, communities, and national policy · myths and common misunderstandings related to opioid addiction Written by two expert physicians and enriched with stories from their experiences in the crosshairs of this epidemic, this book is a critical resource for any general reader - and for the individuals and families fighting this fight in their own lives.
Product Details
OUP USA
87648
9780190916022
9780190916022

Data sheet

Publication date
2019
Issue number
1
Cover
paperback
Pages count
344
Dimensions (mm)
140 x 210
Weight (g)
386
  • Preface; Section 1: The Basics; 1. The Basics of Opioids and Opioid Addiction; What are opioids?; How are opioids made?; How do opioids affect the brain?; How do opioids affect the body?; What forms do opioids take?; How do opioids differ from one another?; What is tolerance to opioids?; What is withdrawal?; What is physical dependence on opioids?; What is addiction to opioids?; What is the stigma of addiction?; Is there a cure for opioid addiction?; Can the symptoms of opioid addiction improve without treatment?; Is there effective treatment for opioid addiction?; Is using an opioid medication for treatment just replacing one addiction for another?; How do opioids cause overdose?; What is naloxone?; What are remission and recovery?; What is relapse?; What is the opioid epidemic?; What can be done to respond effectively to the opioid epidemic?; Section 2: Opioid Use in Individuals and Families; 2. Use of Opioid Medications for Pain; When is it appropriate for someone to receive opioids for pain?; Should opioids be used for chronic, non-cancer pain?; In what forms are opioid medications used for pain?; Should people with a family history of addiction worry about taking opioids for pain?; What should I discuss with my doctor before taking opioids for pain?; Should I take an opioid medication if I am pregnant?; What are the side effects of opioid medications for pain?; Do all people who take opioids for pain develop an addiction?; What are the signs of developing an addiction to opioid medications?; How should my doctor monitor my use of opioids for pain?; If I would like to reduce my use of opioid pain medications, what should I do?; What are signs and symptoms of an overdose to opioid medications?; Should I have naloxone on hand if I am taking an opioid medication for pain?; Where should I store opioid medications at home?; What should I do if I have opioid pills left over?; Why do people keep unused opioids at home?; 3. Illicit Use of Opioids; What is the illicit use of opioids?; What are the different ways of using opioids illicitly?; What is fentanyl?; How do people start using opioids illicitly?; vWhat is the connection between illicit opioid use and sex?; Why do people use other illicit substances with opioids?; What can people who use opioids illicitly do to reduce their risks?; 4. Opioid Addiction; What causes opioid addiction?; What is happening in the brain of someone with an opioid addiction?; What are triggers?; What are drug dreams?; Is opioid addiction a disease?; How do doctors diagnose opioid addiction?; What are the consequences of opioid addiction?; How long does opioid addiction last?; Do people with addiction want to stop using opioids?; 5. Opioid Overdose; What factors determine whether someone who uses opioids overdoses?; How can I tell if someone is experiencing an opioid overdose?; What should I do if suspect someone is experiencing an opioid overdose?; What are the different forms of naloxone and how are they used?; What happens after someone suffering an opioid overdose gets naloxone?; Do I still need to call 911 if I have rescued someone with naloxone?; How can I get naloxone?; 6. Treatment for Opioid Addiction; What are the goals of treatment for opioid addiction?; What are effective ways to engaging people with opioid addiction in treatment?; What is remission?; What is effective treatment for opioid addiction?; When is the right time to start treatment for opioid addiction?; How are the needs of someone with opioid addiction assessed?; What is methadone?; Does methadone make people sleepy?; Can I take other medications with methadone?; What are Opioid Treatment Programs?; What is buprenorphine?; Why does buprenorphine come in a formulation mixed with naloxone?; What is naltrexone?; Which is the best medication to take for opioid addiction?; How long should I take a medication for opioid addiction?; Does evidence support the use of marijuana as an effective treatment for opioid addiction?; Does evidence support the use of the botanical kratom as an effective treatment for opioid addiction?; Does evidence support ibogaine as an effective treatment for opioid addiction?; How is pain managed in someone being treated for an opioid addiction?; What is detox?; What is the role of counseling in the treatment of opioid addiction?; What is the role of peers in the treatment of opioid addiction?; What is the role of a residential (inpatient) setting in the treatment of opioid addiction?; What is the role of drug testing in the treatment of opioid addiction?; What is the role of a primary care practitioner in the treatment of opioid addiction?; What should I expect from my specialty addiction treatment provider?; What should I expect from other clinicians in the healthcare system?; What confidentiality protections exist for treatment for opioid addiction?; 7. Opioids and Pregnancy; What are the risks of opioid exposure during pregnancy?; How is opioid addiction treated during pregnancy?; Which medication is most effective for pregnant women with opioid addiction?; What is Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome?; How is Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome treated?; Is a baby with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome born addicted?; What are the long-term effects of opioid use during pregnancy?; Should women exposed to opioids breastfeed?; 8. Teens; Has the opioid epidemic in the United States included teenagers?; What are the characteristics of opioid addiction among teenagers?; Is treatment effective for teens with opioid addiction?; Should parents keep naloxone in the home?; What should parents do in a crisis?; Are there scams targeting parents of teens with addiction to opioids and other substances?; 9. Opioids and Families; What do I do if I suspect my family member is misusing opioids?; How can I help connect my family member with opioid addiction to effective treatment?; How can I tell if a treatment program is high quality?; How can my family avoid scams?; What is enabling?; Does my family member first need to hit rock bottom before getting better?; How can I cope with the stress of having a family member with opioid addiction?; What is the role of home drug testing?; How can I help a family member who is in recovery from opioid addiction?; 10. Recovery from Opioid Addiction; What is recovery from opioid addiction?; What are 12-step programs?; How can peers assist with recovery?; What kinds of supports do people in recovery need?; What is recovery housing?; What are threats to recovery?; What is the role of treatment in the recovery process?; 11. History and Current State of the Opioid Epidemic; When did the opioid epidemic start?; Why have historians called the opioid problem, The American Disease?; What led to the increase in prescriptions of opioids for pain from 1990 to 2010?; What was the response to the overprescription of opioids in the early 2000s?; Have tighter regulations on opioid prescriptions led to a rise in use of heroin?; What is fentanyl and what is the fentanyl crisis?; What role does race play in the opioid epidemic?; 12. Preventing Opioid Addiction in Communities; What is the role of a community in preventing opioid addiction?; Does reducing exposure to excessive prescribing of opioids prevent opioid addiction?; What Are Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs?; What are Take Back Days?; What can the U.S. Food and Drug Administration do to prevent opioid addiction in communities?; Do abuse-deterrent formulation of opioids work?; What other technologies are under development to prevent misuse of opioid pain medications?; What is the role of marijuana in preventing opioid addiction?; Can communities go too far in restricting opioid prescribing?; How can communities support resilience and create a safe environment to prevent opioid addiction?; 13. Treatment and Recovery Policy for the Opioid Epidemic; What is the relative importance of broad access to effective treatment for opioid addiction?; What are the elements of a successful treatment system?; What is the case for having hospital emergency departments provide treatment for opioid addiction?; Other than emergency departments, what other types of providers would benefit from offering treatment for opioid addiction?; Where are there gaps in payment and coverage for opioid addiction treatment?; What happens when there is no financial support for effective opioid addiction treatment?; What are the factors that limit expansions of access to effective treatment?; What is Not in My Backyard Syndrome?; Why is there resistance in some minority communities to treatment programs?; Can treatment expansions backfire?; How should the treatment system support pregnant women with opioid addiction?; What is the controversy over forcing people with opioid addiction into treatment?; What is the role of communities in supporting people in treatment and recovery?; 14. Harm Reduction in the Opioid Epidemic; What is harm reduction?; What are naloxone programs?; What is the case for making naloxone available without a prescription?; What are good-Samaritan laws?; What are syringe exchange programs?; What are the controversies over how syringe exchange programs are managed?; What are single-use syringes and what is the controversy over whether syringe exchange programs should exclusively distribute them?; What is drug checking?; What are supervised consumption facilities?; What is the medical use of heroin?; What limits the expansion of harm-reduction programs in the United States?; 15. Criminal Justice and the Opioid Epidemic; What is the war on drugs?; Has the war on drugs failed?; What is the role of race in the war on drugs?; Is the war on drugs over?; What is the role of police departments in addressing the opioid epidemic?; What is the role of jails and prisons in addressing the opioid epidemic?; 16. Surveillance, Evaluation, and Research and the Opioid Epidemic; How well is the United States tracking the opioid epidemic?; What trends related to the opioid epidemic are most useful to monitor?; What other trends might make sense to track?; What is the role of evaluation in assessing the response to the opioid epidemic?; What are the most promising areas of current research related to opioids and opioid addiction?; What are the challenges to moving research discoveries quickly into practice?; 17. Future Considerations for the Opioid Epidemic; What can the addiction field do to address the opioid epidemic?; What can others in the healthcare system do to address the opioid epidemic?; What can the criminal justice system do?; What can litigation do?; What can local communities do?; What can cities and counties do?; What can states do?; What can the federal government do?; What can individuals and families do?; Index;
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