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Renal Physiology

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Renal Physiology
Renal Physiology

Renal Physiology

Mosby Physiology Monograph Series (with Student Consult Online Access)

9780323086912
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Description

Renal Physiology helps you to quickly and easily grasp the fundamentals of renal physiology and learn how to apply them in a clinical context. Thoroughly updated, this medical textbook in the Mosby Physiology Monograph Series provides a basic understanding of normal kidney function at the cellular and molecular level. Attractively illustrated with clear 2-color diagrams, it also facilitates study with learning objectives, In the Clinic and At the Molecular Level boxes, chapter summaries, and clinical cases with review questions and explained answers. Online access at www.StudentConsult.com makes this an even more accessible powerful learning resource.

Product Details
Mosby
51804
9780323086912
9780323086912

Data sheet

Publication date
2012
Issue number
5
Cover
paperback
Pages count
256
Dimensions (mm)
191 x 235
Weight (g)
510
  • Introduction to the Kidney

    1 Physiology of Body Fluids

    Objectives
    Physicochemical Properties of Electrolyte Solutions
    Molarity and Equivalence
    Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
    Osmolarity and Osmolality
    Tonicity
    Oncotic Pressure
    Specific Gravity
    Volumes of Body Fluid Compartments
    Composition of Body Fluid Compartments
    Fluid Exchange Between Body Fluid Compartments
    Capillary Fluid Exchange
    Cellular Fluid Exchange
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    2 Structure and Function of the Kidneys

    Objectives
    Structure of the Kidneys
    Gross Anatomy
    Ultrastructure of the Nephron
    Ultrastructure of the Glomerulus
    Ultrastructure of the Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
    Innervation of the Kidneys
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    3 Glomerular Filtration and Renal Blood Flow

    Objectives
    Renal Clearance
    Glomerular Filtration Rate
    Glomerular Filtration
    Determinants of Ultrafiltrate Composition
    Dynamics of Ultrafiltration
    Renal Blood Flow
    Regulation of Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration Rate
    Sympathetic Nerves
    Angiotensin II
    Prostaglandins
    Nitric Oxide
    Endothelin
    Bradykinin
    Adenosine
    Natriuretic Peptides
    ATP
    Glucocorticoids
    Histamine
    Dopamine
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    4 Renal Transport Mechanisms: NaCl and Water Reabsorption Along the Nephron

    Objectives
    General Principles of Membrane Transport
    General Principles of Transepithelial Solute and Water Transport
    NaCl, Solute, and Water Reabsorption Along the Nephron
    Proximal Tubule
    Henles Loop
    Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct
    Regulation of NaCl and Water Reabsorption
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    5 Regulation of Body Fluid Osmolality: Regulation of Water Balance

    Objectives
    Antidiuretic Hormone
    Osmotic Control of AVP Secretion
    Hemodynamic Control of AVP Secretion
    AVP Actions on the Kidneys
    Thirst
    Renal Mechanisms for Dilution and Concentration of the Urine
    The Role of Urea
    Vasa Recta Function
    Assessment of Renal Diluting and Concentrating Ability
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    6 Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Volume and NaCl Balance

    Objectives
    Concept of Effective Circulating Volume
    Volume-Sensing Systems
    Volume Sensors in the Low-Pressure Cardiopulmonary Circuit
    Volume Sensors in the High-Pressure Arterial Circuit
    Hepatic Sensors
    Central Nervous System Na+ Sensors
    Volume Sensor Signals
    Renal Sympathetic Nerves
    Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
    Natriuretic Peptides
    AVP
    Control of Renal NaCl Excretion During Euvolemia
    Mechanisms for Maintaining Constant Na+ Delivery to the Distal Tubule
    Regulation of Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct Na+ Reabsorption
    Control of Na+ Excretion with Volume Expansion
    Control of Na+ Excretion with Volume Contraction
    Edema
    Alterations in Starling Forces
    The Role of the Kidneys
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    7 Regulation of Potassium Balance

    Objectives
    Overview of K+ Homeostasis
    Regulation of Plasma [K+]
    Epinephrine
    Insulin
    Aldosterone
    Alterations of Plasma [K+]
    Acid-Base Balance
    Plasma Osmolality
    Cell Lysis
    Exercise
    K+ Excretion by the Kidneys
    Cellular Mechanisms of K+ Transport by Principal Cells and Intercalated Cells in the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct
    Regulation of K+ Secretion by the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct
    Plasma [K+]
    Aldosterone
    Arginine vasopressin (AVP)
    Factors that Perturb K+ Excretion
    Flow of Tubular Fluid
    Acid-Base Balance
    Glucocorticoids
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    8 Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

    Objectives
    The HCO3- Buffer System
    Overview of Acid-Base Balance
    Renal Net Acid Excretion
    HCO3- Reabsorption Along the Nephron
    Regulation of H+ Secretion
    Formation of New HCO3-
    Response to Acid-Base Disorders
    Extracellular and Intracellular Buffers
    Respiratory Compensation
    Renal Compensation
    Simple Acid-Base Disorders
    Metabolic Acidosis
    Metabolic Alkalosis
    Respiratory Acidosis
    Respiratory Alkalosis
    Analysis of Acid-Base Disorders
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    9 Regulation of Calcium and Phosphate Homeostasis

    Objectives
    Calcium
    Overview of Ca++ Homeostasis
    Ca++ Transport along the Nephron
    Regulation of Urinary Ca++ Excretion
    Calcium-Sensing Receptor
    Phosphate
    Overview of Pi Homeostasis
    Pi Transport along the Nephron
    Regulation of Urinary Pi Excretion
    Integrative Review of Parathyroid Hormone, Calcitriol, and Calcitonin on Ca++ and Pi Homeostasis
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    10 Physiology of Diuretic Action

    Objectives
    General Principles of Diuretic Action
    Sites of Action of Diuretics
    Response of Other Nephron Segments
    Adequate Delivery of Diuretics to Their Site of Action
    Volume of the Extracellular Fluid
    Diuretic Braking Phenomenon
    Mechanisms of Action of Diuretics
    Osmotic Diuretics
    Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
    Loop Diuretics
    Thiazide Diuretics
    K+-Sparing Diuretics
    Aquaretics
    Effect of Diuretics on the Excretion of Water and Other Solutes
    Solute-Free Water
    K+ Excretion
    HCO3- Excretion
    Ca++ and Pi Excretion
    Summary
    Key Words and Concepts
    Self-Study Problems


    Additional Reading

    APPENDIX A Integrative Case Studies
    APPENDIX B Normal Laboratory Values
    APPENDIX C Nephron Function
    APPENDIX D Answers to Self-Study Problems
    APPENDIX E Answers to Integrative Case Studies
    APPENDIX F Review Examination

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Renal Physiology
Renal Physiology
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