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Clinical Dentistry Daily Reference Guide

Clinical Dentistry Daily Reference Guide

9781119690719
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Description
CLINICAL DENTISTRY DAILY REFERENCE GUIDE

The first and only practical reference guide to clinical dentistry

Clinical dentistry involves the practice of preventing, diagnosing, and treating patients’ oral health conditions. Clinical Dentistry Daily Reference Guide is a one-stop resource loaded with critical information for day-to-day decision making regarding a myriad of clinical scenarios. This invaluable resource saves time by eliminating the need to search through websites, textbooks, and phone apps to find answers.

This book offers step-by-step assistance on health history treatment modifications, oral cancer screening, radiographic interpretation, treatment planning, preventive dentistry, periodontics, operative dentistry, endodontics, oral surgery, toothaches, crown and bridge, dentures, partials, implant crowns, occlusal guards, pharmacology, pediatric dentistry, nitrous sedation, and more.

This comprehensive guide::

  • Provides quick access to information in an easy-to-read bulleted format
  • Includes hundreds of high-quality clinical images, illustrations, and tables
  • Answers real-life patient questions
  • Contains procedural steps including post-operative instructions, lab prescriptions, troubleshooting, and clinical pearls
  • Features alphabetized medical conditions and treatment modifications, evidence-based guidelines including the dental traumatology guidelines, tables of common medications converted to pediatric dosages, and more.
  • Helps dentists gain confidence in their decision making

Clinical Dentistry Daily Reference Guide is a must-have book for all dental students and practicing dentists, both new and seasoned. Other dental professionals that will benefit from this book include dental educators, expanded function dental assistants, and dental hygienists.

Product Details
98340
9781119690719

Data sheet

Publication date
2022
Issue number
1
Cover
paperback
Pages count
720
Dimensions (mm)
178 x 250
  • Brief Contents

    About the Author xix

    Preface xxi

    Acknowledgments xxiii

    List of Abbreviations xxv

    How to Read this Book xxix

    1 Health History Treatment Modifications 1

    2 Extraoral Exam, Intraoral Exam, and Oral Cancer Screening 47

    3 Radiographs and Interpretation 67

    4 Treatment Planning 103

    5 Preventive Dentistry 115

    6 Periodontics 151

    7 Operative Dentistry 173

    8 Endodontics 209

    9 Oral Surgery 255

    10 Toothaches 307

    11 Crown and Bridge 323

    12 Complete Dentures 377

    13 Removable Partial Dentures 437

    14 Implant Crowns 493

    15 Occlusal Guards 515

    16 Dental Pharmacology 533

    17 Pediatric Dentistry 575

    18 Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Sedation 605

    Appendix A:: International Association of Dental Traumatology Guidelines 621

    Appendix B:: Basic Life Support 651

    Appendix C:: Evidence-based Dentistry Pyramid 657

    Appendix D:: Ergonomics for the Dentist, Patient, and Dental Assistant 659

    Appendix E:: “CAMBRA” CAries Management By Risk Assessment 665

    Index 669

    Contents

    About the Author xix

    Preface xxi

    Acknowledgments xxiii

    List of Abbreviations xxv

    How to Read this Book xxix

    1 Health History Treatment Modifications 1

    Real-Life Clinical Questions 2

    Relevance 3

    Treatment Planning 3

    ADA Health History Form 3

    General Guidelines 3

    Demographic Data 3

    Dental Information 6

    Medical History 7

    Alphabetized Conditions with Treatment Modifications 7

    Medications 33

    Lab Values 36

    Miscellaneous Terms 36

    ASA Physical Status Classification System 36

    Medical Consultations 38

    Sample Form 38

    Charting Template 39

    Clinical Pearls 39

    Troubleshooting 39

    Tips 39

    Real-Life Clinical Questions Answered 40

    References 42

    2 Extraoral Exam, Intraoral Exam, and Oral Cancer Screening 47

    Real-Life Questions and Comments 48

    Relevance 48

    Purpose of the EOE, IOE, and OCS 48

    Oral Cancer 49

    Risk Factors 49

    Signs and Symptoms 49

    Prognosis 50

    Treatment 50

    Risk Reduction 50

    Screening Frequency 50

    Armamentarium 51

    Procedural Steps 51

    Detecting Oral Cancer Guide from the National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) 56

    Adjunctive Technologies 58

    The American Dental Association Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation of Potentially Malignant Disorders in the Oral Cavity 58

    Referral 59

    Informed Refusal 60

    Clinical Pearls:: Tips 60

    Real-Life Questions and Comments Answered 64

    References 65

    3 Radiographs and Interpretation 67

    Real-Life Clinical Questions 68

    Relevance 69

    Types of Radiographs 69

    Bitewing 69

    Periapical 69

    Panoramic 69

    Occlusal 69

    Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) 70

    Treatment Planning 70

    Recommendations for Prescribing Dental Radiographs 70

    Informed Consents 74

    Informed Refusal 74

    Verbal Consents 74

    Procedural Steps 74

    Radiographic Interpretation 75

    Diagnostic Image Criteria 75

    Diagnosis 75

    Additional Considerations 77

    Panoramic Anatomy 83

    Periapical Anatomy 84

    Referrals 86

    Charting Template 87

    Billing Clarifications 87

    Clinical Pearls 88

    Troubleshooting 88

    Tips 92

    Real-Life Clinical Questions Answered 96

    References 100

    4 Treatment Planning 103

    Real-Life Clinical Questions 104

    Relevance 104

    Treatment Planning Phases 105

    Special Sequencing Considerations 106

    Tooth Replacement Options 107

    Pediatric Treatment Planning 108

    Referrals 108

    Treatment Plan, Refusal, and Informed Consent Forms 109

    Charting Template 109

    Clinical Pearls 110

    Troubleshooting 110

    Tips 111

    Miscellaneous 112

    Real-Life Clinical Questions Answered 112

    References 113

    5 Preventive Dentistry 115

    Real-Life Clinical Questions 116

    Relevance 117

    Treatment Planning 118

    Armamentarium 118

    Clinical/Radiographic Exam 118

    Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) 119

    Background 119

    Oral Hygiene Instructions 125

    Motivational Interviewing 125

    Basics 125

    Specific Populations 128

    Nutritional Counseling 130

    Background 130

    Nutritional Counseling for Oral Health 131

    Additional Nutritional Counseling for Specific Populations 132

    Tobacco Cessation 133

    Procedural Steps 133

    Infant Prophylaxis 133

    Child Prophylaxis 134

    Adult Prophylaxis 134

    Sealants 135

    Preventive Resin Restoration 136

    Fluoride Varnish 136

    Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) 137

    Postoperative Instructions 140

    Erosion, Abrasion, and Attrition Prevention 140

    Xerostomia 141

    Thumb-sucking and Pacifiers 141

    Sports Injuries 142

    Clinical Pearls 142

    Tips 142

    Real-Life Clinical Questions Answered 144

    References 146

    6 Periodontics 151

    Real-Life Clinical Questions 152

    Relevance 153

    What is Periodontal Disease? 153

    Diagnosis:: New Classification of Periodontitis 153

    Chairside Guide to Periodontitis Staging and Grading 154

    Periodontal Diagnosis Flowchart 156

    Clinical Attachment Level 156

    Furcation 156

    Mobility 157

    Occlusal Trauma 157

    Fremitus 157

    What Is a Periodontal Abscess? 157

    The Periodontal–Systemic Connection 158

    Radiographic Findings 159

    Treatment Planning 159

    Assignment of Periodontal Maintenance Recall Schedule 160

    When to Refer to a Periodontist 160

    Armamentarium 161

    Hand Instrument Advice 162

    Prophy Angle and Polishing Paste 162

    Ultrasonic Scaler 162

    Procedural Steps 163

    Comprehensive Periodontal Evaluation 163

    Scaling and Root Planing 164

    One-Month Reevaluation 165

    Periodontal Maintenance 165

    Periodontal Abscess Treatment 166

    Prognosis 166

    Charting Template 167

    Clinical Pearls 167

    Troubleshooting 167

    Tips 167

    Miscellaneous 168

    Real-Life Clinical Questions Answered 169

    References 171

    7 Operative Dentistry 173

    Real-Life Clinical Questions 174

    Relevance 175

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 175

    Treatment Planning 176

    Informed Consent 176

    Armamentarium 177

    Procedural Steps 178

    Cavity Preparation:: External and Internal Outline Forms 178

    Cavity Preparation:: Principles and Tips 183

    Cavity Restoration:: Principles and Tips 185

    Other Restorative Scenarios 190

    Tips for Getting Good Anatomy 193

    Postoperative Instructions 194

    Clinical Pearls 195

    Troubleshooting 195

    Tips 200

    Real-Life Clinical Questions Answered 202

    References 207

    8 Endodontics 209

    Real-Life Clinical Scenarios 210

    Relevance 212

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 212

    Diagnostic Testing 213

    Pulp Sensitivity Testing 215

    Periapical Testing 217

    Biting Test 217

    Mobility 217

    Anesthetic Test 217

    Diagnostic Terminology 218

    Formulation of Pulpal and Periradicular Diagnoses 219

    Types of Tooth Fractures 220

    Treatment Type and Indications 221

    AAE Endodontic Case Difficulty Assessment Form and Guidelines 222

    Treatment Planning 224

    Referral to an Endodontist 224

    Sample Referral Form 225

    Informed Consent 225

    Sample Informed Consent Form 226

    Armamentarium 227

    Dental Materials 230

    Endodontic Access 231

    Rules of Symmetry 232

    Teeth and Relevant Information 232

    Endodontic Access Tips 235

    Procedural Steps 235

    Pulpotomy 236

    Pulpectomy 236

    Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment 237

    Follow-up 242

    Postoperative Instructions 244

    Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment 244

    Pulpotomy, Pulpectomy, or Pulpal Debridement 245

    Internal Bleaching 245

    Procedural Accidents 245

    Charting Template 245

    Clinical Pearls 246

    Troubleshooting 246

    Tips 247

    Real-Life Clinical Scenarios Answered 247

    References 252

    9 Oral Surgery 255

    Real-Life Clinical Questions 256

    Relevance 257

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 257

    Treatment Planning 265

    Additional Tips 265

    Referral to Oral Maxillofacial Surgeon 266

    Informed Consent 266

    Armamentarium 267

    Other Equipment and Materials 268

    Extraction Steps 271

    Related Surgical Procedures 279

    Extraction Postoperative Instructions 288

    Charting Template 290

    Clinical Pearls 291

    Troubleshooting 291

    Tips 296

    Real-Life Clinical Questions Answered 299

    References 304

    10 Toothaches 307

    Real-Life Questions, Concerns, and Comments 308

    Relevance 309

    Treatment Planning 309

    Dental Trauma Armamentarium 312

    Nonodontogenic Toothaches (Referred Pain) 312

    Teledentistry and Toothaches 314

    Clinical Pearls 315

    Troubleshooting 315

    Tips 317

    Real-Life Questions, Concerns, and Demands Answered 319

    References 321

    11 Crown and Bridge 323

    Real-Life Clinical Scenarios 324

    Relevance 326

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 326

    Treatment Planning Considerations 328

    Terms Used in this Chapter 328

    Ferrule 329

    Biologic Width 329

    Indications and Considerations for Crowns 331

    Indications and Considerations for Bridges 333

    Author’s Crown Material Decision Tree 334

    Crown Material Properties 336

    Crown Reduction Guidelines 338

    Tripe Tray versus Full Arch Impressions 341

    Bite Registration 342

    Referrals 342

    Consents 343

    Shade Selection 343

    Background 344

    Steps 344

    Procedural Steps 344

    Crowns 344

    Bridges 351

    Crown/Bridge Materials and Cement Types 356

    Adjusting Crown/Bridge Materials 356

    Alternative Steps 357

    Removing (“Sectioning”) a Crown 357

    Removing (“Sectioning”) a Bridge 359

    Seven Scenarios Involving Removable Partial Dentures/Complete Dentures 360

    Core Buildup 362

    Post and Core 363

    Lab Prescriptions 363

    Crown 364

    Bridge 364

    Postoperative Instructions 365

    Clinical Pearls 366

    Troubleshooting 366

    Tips 369

    Real-Life Clinical Scenarios Answered 372

    References 375

    12 Complete Dentures 377

    Real-Life Clinical Questions 378

    Relevance 379

    Setting Realistic Expectations 379

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 380

    Evaluation of Existing Dentures for Replacement 380

    Evaluation of Edentulous Patient Prior to Denture Fabrication 383

    Evaluation of Dentate Patient Prior to Denture Fabrication 387

    Treatment Planning 388

    Consent Forms 389

    Complete Denture Procedural Steps 392

    Appointment 1:: Preliminary Impressions 392

    Appointment 2:: Final Impression 393

    Appointment 3:: Wax Occlusal Rims 399

    Teeth Setting Guidelines 406

    Appointment 4:: Tooth Try-in 408

    Appointment 5:: Denture Delivery 411

    Appointment 6:: 24-Hour Follow-up 415

    Appointment 7:: One-Week Follow-up 416

    Appointment 8+:: Denture Adjustment 416

    Periodic Oral Evaluation (Recall Exam) 416

    Related Procedural Steps 417

    Interim (Temporary) Dentures 417

    Immediate Dentures 417

    Complete Denture Opposing Cast Metal RPD 419

    Complete Denture Opposing Dentition 419

    Complete Denture Opposing Existing Complete Denture 419

    Duplicate Existing Dentures 420

    Repairs, Relines, Repositions, Additions, and What the Lab Needs from You 420

    Lab Prescriptions 423

    Postoperative Instructions 424

    Complete Denture Instructions 424

    Troubleshooting 426

    Miscellaneous Advice 432

    Real-Life Clinical Questions Answered 434

    References 436

    13 Removable Partial Dentures 437

    Real-Life Clinical Scenarios 438

    Relevance 440

    Setting Patients’ Expectations 441

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 441

    Treatment Planning 442

    Sequencing 442

    Treatment Needs Prior to Fabricating a Partial (if Indicated) 442

    Selecting Appliance Type 444

    Kennedy Classification and Relevant Terms 445

    Procedural Steps 446

    Consent Form 446

    Cast Metal RPDs 446

    Repairs, Relines, Repositions, Additions, and What the Lab Needs from You 467

    Stayplates (Also Known as Acrylic Resin Partial, Interim Partial, Treatment Partial, Transitional Partial, Flipper) 474

    Flexible Partials 476

    Essix Appliances 478

    Immediate Partials 480

    Complete Dentures Opposing Cast Metal RPDs 481

    Lab Prescriptions 481

    Cast Metal RPDs 481

    Stayplates 482

    Flexible Partials 482

    Essix Appliances 483

    Immediate Partials 483

    Postoperative Instructions 483

    Clinical Pearls 485

    Troubleshooting 485

    Tips 486

    Real-Life Clinical Scenarios Answered 486

    References 491

    14 Implant Crowns 493

    Real-Life Clinical Questions 494

    Relevance 495

    Treatment Planning 495

    Indications and Contraindications for Dental Implants 495

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 496

    Clinical and Radiographic Dimensions for Implants 496

    Cement- Versus Screw-Retained Implant Crown 497

    Restorative Materials 498

    Referral to an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon or a Periodontist 498

    Discussion with the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon or a Periodontist 499

    Implant Parts to Order 499

    Procedural Steps 499

    Surgical Stent 499

    Final Impression 500

    Soft Tissue Cast 502

    Provisional Implant Crown 503

    Implant Crown Delivery 504

    Lab Prescriptions 507

    Diagnostic Tooth Wax-Up and Surgical Stent 507

    Soft Tissue Cast 507

    Soft Tissue Cast and Screw- or Cement-Retained Provisional Crown 507

    Soft Tissue Cast and Screw-Retained PFM Crown 508

    Soft Tissue Cast and Cement-Retained PFM Crown 508

    Follow-Up 508

    Maintenance 510

    Clinical Pearls 511

    Troubleshooting 511

    Tips 511

    Real-Life Clinical Questions Answered 512

    References 513

    15 Occlusal Guards 515

    Real-Life Comments and Questions 516

    Relevance 516

    TMD Terminology 517

    Occlusal Guards and TMD 517

    The Patient Interview 517

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 518

    Extraoral Exam 518

    Intraoral Exam 521

    Dentition 521

    Radiographic Exam 521

    Treatment Planning 522

    Referrals 522

    Informed Consent 522

    Oral Appliances:: Indications and Types 523

    Maxillary Versus Mandibular Arch 525

    Procedural Steps for Occlusal Guards, Dual Flat Plane Occlusal Appliances, Athletic Mouthguards, and QuickSplints 525

    Lab Prescriptions 526

    Postoperative Instructions 526

    TMD Self-Care Tips (Adjunctive Treatment) 527

    Clinical Pearls 528

    Troubleshooting 528

    Tips 529

    Real-Life Comments and Questions Answered 529

    References 531

    16 Dental Pharmacology 533

    Real-Life Comments, Demands, and Questions 534

    Relevance 535

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 535

    Informed Consent 535

    Aciid 536

    Prescription Writing Advice 536

    Adult Medications 538

    Preventative 538

    Local Anesthetics 539

    Antibiotics 543

    Analgesics 546

    Fungal Infections 554

    Viral Infections 554

    Anxiolytics 555

    Pediatric Medications 556

    Preventative 556

    Pediatric Local Anesthetics 556

    Child Antibiotics 558

    Child Analgesics 566

    Clinical Pearls 568

    Troubleshooting 568

    Tips 569

    Real-Life Comments, Demands, and Questions Answered 569

    References 572

    17 Pediatric Dentistry 575

    Real-Life Clinical Questions and Scenarios 576

    Relevance 577

    Pediatric Medical History Form 577

    Clinical and Radiographic Exam 578

    Clinical Exam 578

    Radiographic Exam 578

    Teeth Eruption Charts 579

    Pediatric Treatment Planning 580

    Informed Consent 581

    Referrals to Specialists 581

    Patient Management 582

    Pediatric Local Anesthetic Tips 585

    Pediatric Medication Dosages 586

    Procedural Steps 586

    General Remarks 586

    Traumatic Dental Injuries of Primary and Permanent Teeth 586

    Preventative Dentistry 587

    Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Sedation 587

    Interim Therapeutic Restorations 587

    Operative 587

    Pulpotomies/Pulpectomies/RCT on immature permanent teeth 588

    Stainless Steel Crowns and Strip Crowns 592

    Primary Teeth Extractions 594

    Space Maintainers 595

    Lab Prescriptions for Space Maintainers 598

    Postoperative Instructions 598

    Documentation 599

    Real-Life Clinical Questions and Scenarios Answered 600

    References 602

    18 Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Sedation 605

    Real-Life Questions and Comments 606

    Relevance 606

    Introduction 607

    Indications and Contraindications 607

    Signs and Symptoms of Optimal Sedation 608

    Signs and Symptoms of Oversedation 608

    Armamentarium 609

    Informed Consent 610

    Procedural Steps for Nitrous Sedation 610

    Unit Set-up 610

    Rooming 611

    Procedure 611

    Unit Shutdown 613

    Postoperative Instructions 613

    Charting Template 614

    Clinical Pearls 614

    Troubleshooting 614

    Tips 615

    Miscellaneous 615

    Real-Life Questions and Comments Answered 615

    References 618

    Appendix A:: International Association of Dental Traumatology Guidelines 621

    Appendix B:: Basic Life Support 651

    Appendix C:: Evidence-based Dentistry Pyramid 657

    Appendix D:: Ergonomics for the Dentist, Patient, and Dental Assistant 659

    Appendix E:: “CAMBRA” CAries Management By Risk Assessment 665

    Index 669

    reface

    About the Author

    Acknowledgements

    How to Read this Book

    List of Abbreviations

    Chapter 1:: Medical History and Treatment Modifications

    Alphabetized Medical Conditions and Treatment Modifications

    Dental Treatment and INR Ranges

    Chapter 2:: Extraoral exam, Intraoral exam, and Oral Cancer Screening

    Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation of Potentially Malignant         

    Disorders in the Oral Cavity

    Chapter 3:: Radiographs and Interpretation

    Recommendations for Prescribing Dental Radiographs

    Panoramic Anatomy

    Chapter 4:: Treatment Planning

    Treatment Planning Phases

    Tooth Replacement Options

    Chapter 5:: Preventive Dentistry

    Caries Risk Assessments

    Silver Diamine Fluoride Informed Consent and Protocol

    Procedural Steps

    Chapter 6:: Periodontics

    Periodontal Diagnosis

    Assignment of Periodontal Maintenance Recall Schedule

    Procedural Steps

    Chapter 7:: Operative Dentistry

    Procedural Steps

    Chapter 8:: Endodontics

    Diagnostic Terminology

    Formulation of Pulpal and Periradicular Diagnosis

    Types of Tooth fractures

    Endodontic Case Difficulty Assessment Form and Guidelines

    Teeth and Relevant Information

    Procedural Steps

    Chapter 9:: Oral Surgery

    Extraction Case Difficulty Assessment

    Extraction Steps

    Chapter 10:: Toothaches

    Toothache Checklist

    Dental Trauma Checklist

    Nonodontogenic Toothaches (Referred Pain)

    Teledentistry and Toothaches

    Chapter 11:: Crown and Bridge

    Crown Material Properties

    Crown Reduction Guidelines

    Crown Steps

    Bridge Steps

    Chapter 12:: Complete Dentures

    Evaluation of the Existing Dentures, Edentulous Patient, and Dentate Patient

    Procedural Steps

    Denture Analyzer Chairside Guide

    Chapter 13:: Removable Partial Dentures

    Removable Appliance Types:: Advantages and Disadvantages

    Procedural Steps:: 

    Cast Metal RPDs

    Stayplates

    Flexible Partials

    Essix Appliances

    Immediate Partials

    Repairs, Relines, Repositions, Additions and What the Lab Needs from You

    Chapter 14:: Implant Crowns

    General Measurement Parameters for Dental Implants

    Final Impression Steps

    Delivery Steps

    Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions

    Chapter 15:: Occlusal Guards

    Oral Appliances:: Indications and Types

    TMD Self-Care Tips (Adjunctive Treatment)

    Chapter 16:: Dental Pharmacology

    Local Anesthetics

    Antibiotic Selection Algorithm

    Antibiotic Premedications

    Analgesics

    Opioids

    Pediatric Antibiotic Dosage Charts

    Pediatric Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen Dosage Charts

    Pediatric Local Anesthetic Dosage Chart

    Chapter 17:: Pediatric Dentistry

    Tooth Eruption Charts

    Pulpal Treatment for Primary and Immature Permanent Teeth

    Space Maintainer Scenarios

    Procedural Steps             

    Chapter 18:: Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Sedation

    Nitrous Sedation Steps

    Appendix A:: International Association of Dental Traumatology Guidelines

    Appendix B:: Head and Neck Pain:: Travell & Simon’s Trigger Point Pain Charts

    Appendix C:: Basic Life Support

    Appendix D:: Evidence Based Dentistry Pyramid

    Appendix E:: Ergonomics for the Dentist, Patient, and Dental Assistant

    Appendix F:: “CAMBRA” CAries Management By Risk Assessment

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