Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology

Part 1

Chapter 1 The Study of Anatomy and Physiology

1.1 Anatomy—The Structural Basis of Human Function

1.2 Physiology—The Functional Relevance of Human Structure

1.3 The Human Body Plan

1.4 The Language of Medicine

Perspective on Health

Career Spotlight:: Radiologic Technologist

Study Guide

Chapter 2 Life, Matter, and Energy

2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

2.2 Water, Mixtures, and pH

2.3 Organic Compounds

2.4 Energy and Chemical Reactions

Perspectives on Health

Career Spotlight:: Medical Technologist

Study Guide

Chapter 3 Cytology—The Cellular Level of Organization

3.1 The General Structure of Cells

3.2 The Cell Surface

3.3 The Cell Interior

3.4 The Life Cycle of Cells

Perspectives on Health

Career Spotlight:: Cytotechnologist

Study Guide

Chapter 4 Histology—The Tissue Level of Organization

4.1 The Study of Tissues

4.2 Epithelial Tissue

4.3 Connective Tissue

4.4 Nervous and Muscular Tissues—The Excitable Tissues

4.5 Glands and Membranes

4.6 Tissue Growth, Development, Repair, and Death

Perspectives on Health

Career Spotlight:: Histotechnician

Study Guide

Part 2

Chapter 5 The Integumentary System

5.1 The Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue

5.2 Accessory Organs

Perspectives in Health

Aging of the Integumentary System

Career Spotlight:: Dematology Nurse

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Chapter 6 The Skeletal System

6.1 Skeletal Structure and Function

6.2 Bone Development and Metabolism

6.3 The Axial Skeleton

6.4 The Appendicular Skeleton

6.5 Joints

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Skeletal System

Career Spotlight:: Orthopedic Nurse

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Chapter 7 The Muscular System

7.1 Muscular Tissues and Cells

7.2 Physiology of Skeletal Muscle

7.3 Cardiac and Smooth Muscle

7.4 Anatomy of the Muscular System

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Muscular System

Career Spotlight:: Massage Therapist

Connective Tissue

Study Guide

Part 3

Chapter 8 The Nervous System I—Nerve Cells, the Spinal Cord, and Reflexes

8.1 Cells and Tissues of the Nervous System

8.2 The Physiology of Neurons

8.3 The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Reflexes

Perspectives on Health

Career Spotlight:: Occupational Therapist

Study Guide

Chapter 9 The Nervous System II—The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System

9.1Overview of the Brain

9.2Principal Divisions of the Brain

9.3Multiregional Brain Functions

9.4The Cranial Nerves

9.5The Autonomic Nervous System

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Nervous System

Career Spotlight:: Electroneurodiagnostic Technologist

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Chapter 10 The Sense Organs

10.1Receptors and Sensations

10.2The General Senses

10.3The Chemical Senses—Taste and Smell

10.4The Ear—Hearing and Equilibrium

10.5The Eye and Vision

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Sense Organs

Career Spotlight:: Optician

Study Guide

Chapter 11 The Endocrine System

11.1Overview of the Endocrine System

11.2Endocrine Physiology

11.3The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

11.4Other Endocrine Glands and Tissues

11.5Stress Physiology

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Endocrine System

Career Spotlight:: Diabetes Educator

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Part 4

Chapter 12 The Circulatory System I—Blood

12.1Introduction

12.2Erythrocytes

12.3Leukocytes

12.4Platelets

Perspectives on Health

Career Spotlight:: Phlebotomist

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Chapter 13 The Circulatory System II—Heart and Blood Vessels

13.1Overview of the Cardiovascular System

13.2Gross Anatomy of the Heart

13.3Physiology of the Heart

13.4General Anatomy of Blood Vessels

13.5Physiology of Circulation

13.6Circulatory Routes and Blood Vessels

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Circulatory System

Career Spotlight:: Electrocardiographic Technician

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Chapter 14 The Lymphatic System and Immunity

14.1The Lymphatic System

14.2Nonspecific Resistance

14.3Features of Adaptive Immunity

14.4Cellular and Humoral Immunity

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Career Spotlight:: Public Health Nurse

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Part 5:: Intake and Output

Chapter 15 The Respiratory System

15.1Functions and Anatomy of the Respiratory System

15.2Pulmonary Ventilation

15.3Gas Exchange and Transport

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Respiratory System

Career Spotlight:: Respiratory Therapist

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Chapter 16 The Urinary System

16.1Functions of the Urinary System

16.2Anatomy of the Kidney

16.3Glomerular Filtration

16.4Tubular Resorption and Secretion

16.5Water Conservation

16.6Urine Storage and Elimination

16.7Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Urinary System

Career Spotlight:: Dialysis Technician

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Chapter 17 The Digestive System

17.1Overview of the Digestive System

17.2The Mouth through Esophagus

17.3The Stomach

17.4The Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas

17.5The Small Intestine

17.6Chemical Digestion and Absorption

17.7The Large Intestine

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Digestive System

Career Spotlight:: Dental Hygienist

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Chapter 18 Nutrition and Metabolism

18.1Nutrition

18.2Carbohydrate Metabolism

18.3Lipid and Protein Metabolism

18.4Metabolic States and Metabolic Rate

18.5Energy Balance and Appetite Regulation

18.6Body Heat and Thermoregulation

Perspectives on Health

Career Spotlight:: Dietitian

Study Guide

Part 6:: Human Life Cycle

Chapter 19 The Reproductive System

19.1Essentials of Sexual Reproduction

19.2The Male Reproductive System

19.3The Female Reproductive System

19.4The Production and Union of Sex Cells

19.5Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Lactation

Perspectives on Health

Aging of the Reproductive System

Career Spotlight:: Midwife

Connective Issues

Study Guide

Chapter 20 Human Development and Aging

20.1Fertilization and Preembryonic Development

20.2The Embryonic and Fetal Stages

20.3The Neonate

20.4Aging, Senescence, and Death

Perspectives on Health

Career Spotlight:: Generic Counselor

Study Guide

Appendix A:: Answer Key

Appendix B:: Health Science Careers

Appendix C:: Symbols, Weights, and Measures

Appendix D:: Biomedical Word Roots, Prefixes, and

Suffixes

Glossary