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Bioethics

Bioethics

9780197609026
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Description
Bioethics:: Principles, Issues, and Cases explores the philosophical, medical, social, and legal aspects of key bioethical issues. Opening with a thorough introduction to ethics, bioethics, and moral reasoning, it then covers influential moral theories and the criteria for evaluating them. Integrating eighty-nine readings, numerous classic bioethical cases, and abundant pedagogical tools, this text addresses the most provocative and controversial topics in bioethics.
Product Details
OUP USA
93244
9780197609026
9780197609026

Data sheet

Publication date
2022
Issue number
1
Cover
paperback
Pages count
784
Dimensions (mm)
191 x 235
Weight (g)
1193
  • Preface?x; Part 1. Principles and Theories; Chapter 1 moral reasoning in bioethics?3; Chapter 2 bioethics and moral theories?34; Part 2. Medical Professional and Patient; Chapter 3 paternalism and patient autonomy?97; Chapter 4 truth-telling and confidentiality?176; Chapter 5 informed consent?228; Chapter 6 human research?271; Part 3. Life and Death; Chapter 7 abortion?339; Chapter 8 reproductive technology?440; Chapter 9 genetic choices?562; Chapter 10 euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide?648; Part 4. Justice and Health Care; Chapter 11 dividing up health care resources?743; Chapter 12 PANDEMIC ETHICS; Chapter 13 RACE, RACIAL BIAS, AND HEALTH CARE; Appendix?811; Glossary?813; Index?815; CONTENTS; Preface?x; Part 1. Principles and Theories; Chapter 1; moral reasoning in bioethics?3; Ethics and Bioethics?3; Ethics and the Moral Life?5; In Depth: Morality and the Law?7; Moral Principles in Bioethics?8; Autonomy?9; Nonmaleficence?10; Beneficence?10; Utility?11; Justice?12; Ethical Relativism?13; In Depth: Anthropology and Moral Diversity?14; Ethics and Religion?17; Moral Arguments?19; Argument Fundamentals?19; Patterns of Moral Arguments?22; Review: Valid and Invalid Argument Forms?23; In Depth: Fallacies in Moral Reasoning?24; Evaluating Premises?26; Assessing Whole Arguments?28; Obstacles to Critical Reasoning; Key Terms?29; Summary?29; Argument Exercises?30; Further Reading?32; Notes?33; Chapter 2; bioethics and moral theories?34; The Nature of Moral Theories?34; Influential Moral Theories?35; Utilitarianism?36; In Depth: Utilitarianism and the Golden Rule?38; Kantian Ethics?38; Principlism?40; Natural Law Theory?41; Rawls Contract Theory?43; Virtue Ethics?44; In Depth: Can Virtue Be Taught??46; The Ethics of Care?46; Feminist Ethics?47; Casuistry?48; Criteria for Judging Moral Theories?49; Review: Evaluating Moral Theories: Criteria of Adequacy?50; Applying the Criteria?50; Utilitarianism?51; Kants Theory?52; Key Terms?53; Summary?53; Further Reading?54; Notes?54; readings?55; Utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill?55; The Moral Law, Immanuel Kant?58; Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle?63; The Need for More Than Justice, Annette C. Baier?78; Moral Saints, Susan Wolf?86; Part 2. Medical Professional and Patient; Chapter 3; paternalism and patient autonomy?97; Shades of Autonomy and Paternalism?97; Refusing Treatment?98; In Depth: Physician Autonomy?100; Legal Brief: Advance Directives?101; Futile Treatment?102; Legal Brief: Refusing Treatment for Children on Religious Grounds?103; In Depth: CPR and DNR?104; In Depth: Moral Conflicts in Nursing?104; Classic Case File: Elizabeth Bouvia?105; Applying Major Theories?106; Key Terms?107; Summary?107; Cases for Evaluation?108; Further Reading?110; Notes?110; readings?111; Paternalism, Gerald Dworkin?111; The Refutation of Medical Paternalism, Alan Goldman?121; Why Doctors Should Intervene, Terrence F. Ackerman?127; Autonomy, Futility, and the Limits of Medicine, Robert L. Schwartz?132; Four Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship, Ezekiel J. Emanuel; and Linda L. Emanuel?137; Confronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? A Dialogue Between Dax; Cowart and Robert Burt, Dax Cowart and Robert Burt?150; Bouvia v. Superior Court, California Court of Appeal?160; Fundamental Elements of the Patient-Physician Relationship, AMA; Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs?165; Advocacy or Subservience for the Sake of Patients? Helga Kuhse?166; Chapter 4; truth-telling and confidentiality?176; Paternalism and Deception?176; In Depth: Do Patients Want the Truth? Do Physicians Tell It??177; Confidential Truths?179; Legal Brief: Confidentiality and a Duty to Warn?180; In Depth: Truth-Telling and Cultural Diversity?181; Classic Case File: Carlos R.?182; Applying Major Theories?183; Key Terms?183; Summary?183; Cases for Evaluation?184; Further Reading?186; Notes?186; readings?187; On Telling Patients the Truth, Mack Lipkin?191; Is It Ever OK to Lie to Patients?, Shelly K. Schwartz?193; Why Privacy Is Important, James Rachels?204; Confidentiality in Medicine-A Decrepit Concept, Mark Siegler?209; Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California, Supreme; Court of California?223; Chapter 5; informed consent?228; Autonomy and Consent?228; Conditions of Informed Consent?229; In Depth: Decision-Making Capacity?231; In Depth: Two Views of Informed Consent?233; Legal Brief: Important Informed Consent Cases?; Applying Major Theories; Classic Case File: Jerry Canterbury; Key Terms; Summary; Cases for Evaluation; Further Reading; Notes; readings; The Concept of Informed Consent, Ruth R. Faden and Tom L. Beauchamp; Informed Consent-Must It Remain a Fairy Tale? Jay Katz; Transparency: Informed Consent in Primary Care, Howard Brody; Canterbury v. Spence, United States Court of Appeals; Chapter 6; human research; The Science of Clinical Trials; In Depth: The Tuskegee Tragedy; Beneficence, Science, and Placebos; Science and Informed Consent; In Depth: Women in Clinical Trials; Research on the Vulnerable; In Depth: Why Enter a Clinical Trial?; Applying Major Theories; Key Terms; Summary; Classic Case File: The UCLA Schizophrenia Study; Cases for Evaluation; Further Reading; Notes; readings; The Nuremberg Code; Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research; Involving Human Subjects, World Medical Association; The Belmont Report, The National Commission for the Protection; of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research; Final Report: Human Radiation Experiments, Advisory Committee; on Human Radiation Experiments; Of Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial,; Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. Hellman; A Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical; Trials Involving Cancer Patients, Benjamin Freedman; Racism and Research: The Case of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study,; Allan M. Brandt; The Ethics of Clinical Research in the Third World, Marcia Angell; Ethical Issues in Clinical Trials in Developing Countries, Baruch Brody; Part 3. Life and Death; Chapter 7; abortion; Starting Point: The Basics; Fact File: U.S. Abortions; In Depth: Abortion and Public Opinion?2021; The Legal Struggle; In Depth: Abortions Performed Later in Pregnancy; Persons and Rights; In Depth: Does a Fetus Feel Pain?; Applying Major Theories; Key Terms; Summary; Classic Case File: Nancy Klein; Cases for Evaluation; Further Reading; Notes; readings; A Defense of Abortion, Judith Jarvis Thomson; Why Abortion Is Immoral, Don Marquis; On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion, Mary Anne Warren; Abortion and the Concept of a Person, Jane English; Abortion, Margaret Olivia Little; Abortion Through a Feminist Ethics Lens, Susan Sherwin; Roe v. Wade, United States Supreme Court; Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey, United; States Supreme Court; Chapter 8; reproductive technology; In Vitro Fertilization; Fact File: Assisted Reproduction; In Depth: Savior Siblings; Surrogacy; In Depth: IVF and Childrens Future Children; Cloning; In Depth: Cloning Time Line; Applying Major Theories; In Depth: Sherri Shepherd: How Surrogacy Can Go Wrong; Key Terms; Summary; Classic Case File: Baby M; Cases for Evaluation; Further Reading; Notes; readings; IVF: The Simple Case, Peter Singer; The Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty, John A. Robertson; Surrogate Mothering: Exploitation or Empowerment? Laura M. Purdy; Egg Donation and Commodification, Bonnie Steinbock; Cloning Human Beings: An Assessment of the Ethical Issues Pro; and Con, Dan W. Brock; Chapter 9; genetic choices; Genes and Genomes; Genetic Testing; Gene Therapy; Fact File: Genetic Testing for Cancer Risk; Fact File: New Developments in Gene Therapy; Stem Cells; Applying Major Theories; Classic Case File: The Kingsburys; Key Terms; Summary; Cases for Evaluation; Further Reading; Notes; readings; Genetics and Reproductive Risk: Can Having Children Be Immoral?; Laura M. Purdy; The Morality of Screening for Disability, Jeff McMahan; Genetic Dilemmas and the Childs Right to an Open Future,; Dena S. Davis; Disowning Knowledge: Issues in Genetic Testing,; Robert Wachbroit; The Non-Identity Problem and Genetic Harms-The Case of Wrongful; Handicaps, Dan W. Brock; Is Gene Therapy a Form of Eugenics? John Harris; Genetic Enhancement, Walter Glannon; Genetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings,; Julian Savulescu; Germ-Line Gene Therapy, LeRoy Walters and Julie Gage Palmer; What Does Respect for Embryos Mean in the Context of Stem Cell; Research? Bonnie Steinbock; Declaration on the Production and the Scientific and Therapeutic; Use of Human Embryonic Stem Cells, Pontifical Academy for Life; Chapter 10; euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide; Deciding Life and Death; Legal Brief: Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide: Major Developments; In Depth: Assisted Suicide: What Do Doctors Think?; Autonomy, Mercy, and Harm; In Depth: Oregons Death With Dignity Act; In Depth: End-of-Life Decisions in the Netherlands; Applying Major Theories; In Depth: Physician-Assisted Suicide and Public Opinion; Classic Case File: Nancy Cruzan; Key Terms; Summary; Cases for Evaluation; Further Reading; Notes; readings; Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making,; Timothy E. Quill; Voluntary Active Euthanasia, Dan W. Brock; When Self-Determination Runs Amok, Daniel Callahan; Active and Passive Euthanasia, James Rachels; Dying at the Right Time: Reflections on (Un)Assisted Suicide,; John Hardwig; The Philosophers Brief, Ronald Dworkin, Thomas Nagel, Robert Nozick,; John Rawls, Thomas Scanlon, and Judith Jarvis Thomson; Legalizing Assisted Dying Is Dangerous for Disabled People, Liz Carr; For Now Have I My Death: The Duty to Die Versus the Duty to Help; the Ill Stay Alive, Felicia Ackerman; Vacco v. Quill, United States Supreme Court; Part 4. Justice and Health Care; Chapter 11; dividing up health care resources; Health Care in Trouble; Fact File: U.S. Health Care; Theories of Justice; In Depth: Comparing Health Care Systems: United States,; Canada, and Germany; A Right to Health Care; In Depth: Public Health and Bioethics; The Ethics of Rationing; Classic Case File: Christine deMeurers; Key Terms; Summary; Cases for Evaluation; Further Reading; Notes; readings; Is There a Right to Health Care and, if So, What Does It Encompass?,; Norman Daniels; The Right to a Decent Minimum of Health Care, Allen E. Buchanan; Rights to Health Care, Social Justice, and Fairness in Health Care; Allocations: Frustrations in the Face of Finitude,; H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.; Mirror, Mirror?2017: International Comparison Reflects Flaws and; Opportunities for Better U.S. Health Care, Eric C. Schneider,; Dana O. Sarnak, David Squires, et al.; Public Health Ethics: Mapping the Terrain, James F. Childress et al.; Human Rights Approach to Public Health Policy, D. Tarantola and S. Gruskin; Chapter 12; PANDEMIC ETHICS; Pandemic Facts; When Resources Are Scarce; Personal Choices; In Depth: The Privilege of Social Distancing; Covid Falsehoods; In Depth: Against Pandemic Falsehoods; Key Terms; Summary; Cases for Evaluation; Further Reading; Notes; READINGS; Why Some Americans Refuse to Social Distance and Wear Masks, Michael Sandel and Colleen Walsh; Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19, Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Govind Persad, Ross Upshur, et al; ICU Triage: How Many Lives or Whose Lives? Angela Ballantyne; Chapter 13; RACE, RACIAL BIAS, AND HEALTH CARE; Race and Racism; Health Disparities and Race; Implicit Bias in Health Care; In Depth: Can Implicit Biases Be Changed?; Racial Profiling in Medicine; Key Terms; Summary; Cases for Evaluation; Further Reading; Notes; READINGS; Racial Profiling in Medicine, Michael Root; Appendix; Glossary; Index;
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