Imaging in Otolaryngology

SECTION 1: Suprahyoid and Infrahyoid Neck

Introduction and Overview

Suprahyoid and Infrahyoid Neck Overview

Parapharyngeal Space

Parapharyngeal Space Overview

Benign Tumors

Parapharyngeal Space Benign Mixed Tumor

Pharyngeal Mucosal Space

Pharynx Overview

Congenital Lesions

Tornwaldt Cyst

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

Retention Cyst of Pharyngeal Mucosal Space

Tonsillar Inflammation

Tonsillar/Peritonsillar Abscess

Benign and Malignant Tumors

Minor Salivary Gland Malignancy of Pharyngeal Surface

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of Pharyngeal Mucosal Space

Masticator Space

Masticator Space Overview

Pseudolesions

Pterygoid Venous Plexus Asymmetry

Benign Masticator Muscle Hypertrophy

CNV3 Motor Denervation

Infectious Lesions

Masticator Space Abscess

Benign Tumors

Masticator Space CNV3 Schwannoma

Malignant Tumors

Masticator Space CNV3 Perineural Tumor

Masticator Space Chondrosarcoma

Masticator Space Sarcoma

Parotid Space

Parotid Space Overview

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

Acute Parotitis

Parotid Sjogren Syndrome

Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesions-HIV

Benign Tumors

Parotid Benign Mixed Tumor

Warthin Tumor

Malignant Tumors

Parotid Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

Parotid Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Parotid Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Metastatic Disease of Parotid Nodes

Carotid Space

Carotid Space Overview

Normal Variants

Tortuous Carotid Artery in Neck

Vascular Lesions

Carotid Artery Dissection in Neck

Carotid Artery Pseudoaneurysm in Neck

Carotid Artery Fibromuscular Dysplasia in Neck

Acute Idiopathic Carotidynia

Jugular Vein Thrombosis

Post-Pharyngitis Venous Thrombosis (Lemierre)

Benign Tumors

Carotid Body Paraganglioma

Glomus Vagale Paraganglioma

Carotid Space Schwannoma

Sympathetic Schwannoma

Carotid Space Neurofibroma

Retropharyngeal Space

Retropharyngeal Space Overview

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

Reactive Adenopathy of Retropharyngeal Space

Suppurative Adenopathy of Retropharyngeal Space

Retropharyngeal Space Abscess

Retropharyngeal Space Edema

Metastatic Tumors

Nodal Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Retropharyngeal Space

Nodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Retropharyngeal Space

Perivertebral Space

Perivertebral Space Overview

Pseudolesions

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

Acute Calcific Longus Colli Tendonitis

Perivertebral Space Infection

Vascular Lesions

Vertebral Artery Dissection in Neck

Benign and Malignant Tumors

Brachial Plexus Schwannoma in Perivertebral Space

Chordoma in Perivertebral Space

Vertebral Body Metastasis in Perivertebral Space

Posterior Cervical Space

Posterior Cervical Space Overview

Benign Tumors

Posterior Cervical Space Schwannoma

Metastatic Tumors

Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Spinal Accessory Node

Visceral Space

Visceral Space Overview

Inflammatory Lesions

Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis (Hashimoto)

Metabolic Disease

Multinodular Goiter

Benign Tumors

Thyroid Adenoma

Parathyroid Adenoma in Visceral Space

Malignant Tumors

Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of Thyroid

Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Carcinoma

Cervical Esophageal Carcinoma

Miscellaneous

Esophagopharyngeal Diverticulum (Zenker)

Colloid Cyst of Thyroid

Lateral Cervical Esophageal Diverticulum

Hypopharynx, Larynx, and Cervical Trachea

Hypopharynx, Larynx, & Trachea Overview

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

Croup

Epiglottitis in a Child

Supraglottits

Trauma

Laryngeal Trauma

Benign and Malignant Tumors

Upper Airway Infantile Hemangioma

Laryngeal Chondrosarcoma

Treatment-related Lesions

Post-Radiation Larynx

Miscellaneous

Laryngocele

Vocal Cord Paralysis

Acquired Subglottic-Tracheal Stenosis

Lymph Nodes

Lymph Node Overview

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

Reactive Lymph Nodes

Suppurative Lymph Nodes

Tuberculous Lymph Nodes

Non-TB Mycobacterium Nodes

Sarcoidosis Lymph Nodes

Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia (Castleman)

Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis (Kikuchi)

Kimura Disease

Malignant Tumors

Nodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Neck

Nodal Hodgkin Lymphoma in Neck

Nodal Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

Systemic Nodal Metastases in Neck

Transspatial and Multispatial

Transspatial & Multispatial Overview

Normal Variants

Prominent Thoracic Duct in Neck

Benign Tumors

Lipoma of Head and Neck

Plexiform Neurofibroma of Head and Neck

Malignant Tumors

Posttransplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of Head and Neck

Miscellaneous

Lymphocele of Neck

Sinus Histiocytosis (Rosai-Dorfman) of Head and Neck

Fibromatosis of Head and Neck

Oral Cavity

Oral Cavity Overview

Pseudolesions

Hypoglossal Nerve Motor Denervation

Congenital Lesions

Submandibular Space Accessory Salivary Tissue

Oral Cavity Dermoid and Epidermoid

Oral Cavity Lymphatic Malformation

Lingual Thyroid

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

Ranula

Oral Cavity Sialocele

Submandibular Gland Sialadenitis

Oral Cavity Abscess

Benign Tumors

Submandibular Gland Benign Mixed Tumor

Palate Benign Mixed Tumor

Malignant Tumors

Sublingual Gland Carcinoma

Submandibular Gland Carcinoma

Oral Cavity Minor Salivary Gland Malignancy

Submandibular Space Nodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Submandibular Space Nodal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Mandible-Maxilla and Temporomandibular Joint

Mandible-Maxilla and TMJ Overview

Congenital Lesions

Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor

Nonneoplastic Cysts

Nasolabial Cyst

Periapical Cyst (Radicular)

Dentigerous Cyst

Simple Bone Cyst (Traumatic)

Nasopalatine Duct Cyst

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

TMJ Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Mandible-Maxilla Osteomyelitis

Tumor-like Lesions

TMJ Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition Disease

TMJ Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis

TMJ Synovial Chondromatosis

Benign and Malignant Tumors

Ameloblastoma

Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (Odontogenic Keratocyst)

Mandible-Maxilla Osteosarcoma

Treatment-related Lesions

Mandible-Maxilla Osteoradionecrosis

Mandible-Maxilla Osteonecrosis

SECTION 2: Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Introduction and Overview

Primary Sites, Perineural Tumor and Nodes

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Oropharyngeal Carcinoma

Base of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Palatine Tonsil Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Posterior Oropharyngeal Wall Squamous Cell Carcinoma

HPV-related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Oral Cavity Carcinoma

Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Floor of Mouth Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Alveolar Ridge Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Retromolar Trigone Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Buccal Mucosa Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Hard Palate Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma

Pyriform Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Postcricoid Region Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Posterior Hypopharyngeal Wall Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Laryngeal Carcinoma

Supraglottic Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Glottic Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Subglottic Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Secondary Laryngocele

Perineural Tumor

172 Perineural Tumor Spread

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lymph Nodes

Nodal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Post-Treatment Neck

Nodal Dissection in Neck

Reconstruction Flaps in Neck

Expected Changes of Neck Radiation Therapy

Complications of Neck Radiation Therapy

Osteoradionecrosis

Post Laryngectomy

SECTION 3: Pediatric and Syndromic Diseases

Pediatric Lesions

Congenital Overview

Congenital Lesions

Lymphatic Malformation

Venous Malformation

Congenital Vallecular Cyst

Cervical Thymic Cyst

1st Branchial Cleft Cyst

2nd Branchial Cleft Cyst

3rd Branchial Cleft Cyst

4th Branchial Cleft Cyst

Dermoid and Epidermoid

Trauma

Fibromatosis Colli

Benign Tumors

Infantile Hemangioma

Malignant Tumors

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Syndromic Diseases

Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Neurofibromatosis Type 2

Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome

Branchiootorenal Syndrome

CHARGE Syndrome

Hemifacial Microsomia

Treacher Collins Syndrome

Pierre Robin Sequence

X-Linked Stapes Gusher (DFNX2)

McCune-Albright Syndrome

Cherubism

SECTION 4: Sinonasal Cavities and Orbit

Nose and Sinus

Sinonasal Overview

Congenital Lesions

Nasolacrimal Duct Mucocele

Choanal Atresia

Nasal Glioma

Nasal Dermal Sinus

Frontoethmoidal Cephalocele

Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

Acute Rhinosinusitis

Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Complications of Rhinosinusitis

Allergic Fungal Sinusitis

Sinus Mycetoma

Invasive Fungal Sinusitis

Sinonasal Polyposis

Solitary Sinonasal Polyp

Sinonasal Mucocele

Silent Sinus Syndrome

Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener)

Nasal Cocaine Necrosis

Benign Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions

Sinonasal Fibrous Dysplasia

Sinonasal Osteoma

Sinonasal Ossifying Fibroma

Juvenile Angiofibroma

Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma

Sinonasal Hemangioma

Malignant Tumors

Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Esthesioneuroblastoma

Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma

Sinonasal Melanoma

Sinonasal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma

Sinonasal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Sinonasal Chondrosarcoma

Orbit

Orbit Overview

Congenital Lesions

Coloboma

Orbital Dermoid and Epidermoid

Vascular Lesions

Orbital Lymphatic Malformation

Orbital Cavernous Venous Malformation (Hemangioma)

Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions

Orbital Subperiosteal Abscess

Orbital Cellulitis

Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory (Pseudotumor)

Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy

Optic Neuritis

Benign Tumors

Orbital Infantile Hemangioma

Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma

Malignant Tumors

Retinoblastoma

SECTION 5: Skull Base

Skull Base Lesions

Skull Base Overview

Clivus

Ecchordosis Physaliphora

Invasive Pituitary Macroadenoma

Chordoma

Sphenoid Bone

Persistent Craniopharyngeal Canal

Sphenoid Benign Fatty Lesion

Central Skull Base Trigeminal Schwannoma

Occipital Bone

Hypoglossal Nerve Schwannoma

Jugular Foramen

Jugular Bulb Pseudolesion

High Jugular Bulb

Dehiscent Jugular Bulb

Jugular Bulb Diverticulum

Glomus Jugulare Paraganglioma

Jugular Foramen Schwannoma

Jugular Foramen Meningioma

Dural Sinuses

Dural Sinus and Aberrant Arachnoid Granulations

Skull Base Dural Sinus Thrombosis

Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis

Dural Arteriovenous Fistula

Diffuse or Multifocal Skull Base Disease

Skull Base Cephalocele

Skull Base CSF Leak

Skull Base Fibrous Dysplasia

Skull Base Paget Disease

Skull Base Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Skull Base Osteopetrosis

Skull Base Idiopathic Inflammatory Pseudotumor

Skull Base Giant Cell Tumor

Skull Base Meningioma

Skull Base Plasmacytoma

Skull Base Multiple Myeloma

Skull Base Metastasis

Skull Base Chondrosarcoma

Skull Base Osteosarcoma

Skull Base and Facial Trauma

Skull Base and Facial Trauma Overview

Skull Base

Temporal Bone Fractures

Ossicular Dislocations and Disruptions

Skull Base Trauma

Facial Bones

Orbital Foreign Body

Orbital Blowout Fracture

Transfacial Fractures (Le Fort)

Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture

Complex Facial Fracture

Nasoorbitalethmoidal Fracture

Mandible Fracture

SECTION 6: Temporal Bone and CPA-IAC

Introduction and Overview

Temporal Bone Overview

External Auditory Canal

Congenital Lesions

Foramen Tympanicum