Veterinary Cytology

Preface xi

Acknowledgments xiii

List of Contributors xv

List of Abbreviations xxiii

Part I Basic Cytology Techniques 1

1 Sample Collection 3
Kari L. Anderson, Angela Gwynn, Carrie A. Wood, and Leslie C. Sharkey

2 Routine Stains and Automated Stainers 12
Harold Tvedten

3 Microbiologic Review of Cytology Samples 18
Erin N. Burton, Sharon M. Dial, and Leslie C. Sharkey

4 Evidence-Based Cytology 30
Laura Adhikari

5 General Approach to Diagnostic Cytology 35
Jed Overmann

Part II Quality Control and Special Laboratory Techniques 41

6 Quality Assurance in Cytology 43
Liron Pantanowitz

7 Special Staining Techniques: Application and Quality Assurance 47
Kelly S. Santangelo, Deanna M.W. Schaefer, Sarah E. Leavell, and Heather L. Priest

8 Cell Block Preparation Techniques and Applications in Veterinary Medicine 73
Koranda A. Walsh and Reema T. Patel

9 Molecular Clonality Testing 79
Davis Seelig and Anne C. Avery

10 Cytogenetics 85
Matthew Breen

Part III Skin and Subcutis 95

11 Inflammatory Diseases of the Skin 97
Sandra Diaz and M. Judith Radin

12 Dermal and Subcutaneous Masses 115
Jennifer L. Brazzell, Daniel Heinrich, and Jillian Zientek Walz

13 Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors 138
Maxey L. Wellman and Cheryl London

14 Plasma Cell Tumors 151
Maxey L. Wellman and William C. Kisseberth

15 Melanoma 158
Helen Michael

16 Soft Tissue Sarcomas 166
Jennifer D. Steinberg and John Keating

Part IV Ear and Eye 177

17 Ear Cytology 179
Susan Lowum, Sandra Nogueira Koch, and Leslie C. Sharkey

18 Collection of Ophthalmic Cytology Specimens 184
Michala de Linde Henriksen and Christine C. Lim

19 Ocular Cytology of the Dog 188
Cathy Trumel, Jean-Yves Douet, and Fanny Granat

20 Ocular Cytology of the Cat 205
Christine C. Lim and Jennifer L. Brazzell

21 Ocular Cytology of the Horse 222
Michala de Linde Henriksen and Leslie C. Sharkey

Part V Musculoskeletal System 241

22 Muscle 243
Catherine J. Benson

23 Bone and Periarticular Structures 249
Jessica Lawrence and Elspeth Milne

Part VI Respiratory System 259

24 Upper Respiratory Tract of the Dog and Cat 261
Janet Beeler-Marfisi, Alice Defarges Bichot, and Dorothee Bienzle

25 Lower Respiratory Tract of the Dog and Cat 281
Alice Defarges Bichot and Dorothee Bienzle

26 Respiratory Cytology of the Horse 302
Melissa Dawn Meachem and Julia Bettina Montgomery

Part VII Hemolymphatic System 317

27 Lymph Nodes 319
Stefano Comazzi, Luca Aresu, Jenna H. Burton, and Paul R. Avery

28 Spleen 342
Davis Seelig

29 Thymus 352
Cleverson D. Souza and Meredeth Crandall McEntire

Part VIII Gastrointestinal Tract 359

30 Oral Cavity 361
Jill Schappa Faustich, Kevin S. Stepaniuk, Nicholas A. Robinson, and Cesar Piedra-Mora

31 Esophagus and Stomach 380
Marian Taulescu, Irina Amorim, and Robert Washabau

32 Intestines and Rectum 394
Ugo Bonfanti

33 Fecal Cytology 407
Cathy Trumel and Olivier Dossin

Part IX Liver and Pancreas 411

34 Nonneoplastic Disorders of the Liver 413
Carlo Masserdotti

35 Hepatobiliary Neoplasia and Cancer Staging 432
Charles E. Wiedmeyer and Jeff Bryan

36 Pancreas 445
Leslie C. Sharkey and Sarah Crain

Part X Urinary Tract 455

37 Kidney 457
Camille A. McAloney and Leslie C. Sharkey

38 Urinary Bladder 466
Joyce S. Knoll and Mary Anna Labato

39 Urine Cytology 480
Nicole M. Weinstein

Part XI Reproductive Tract 499

40 Testes, Ovaries, and Prostate 501
Francisco de Oliveira Conrado and Sally E. Henderson

41 Evaluation of Semen 531
Scott Madill and Margaret V. Root Kustritz

42 Vaginal Cytology in the Bitch and Queen 552
Margaret V. Root Kustritz

43 Uterine Cytology 559
Paula M. Krimer and Doris M. Miller

44 Mammary Gland 582
Natalie Hoepp

Part XII Endocrine 595

45 Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands 597
M. Judith Radin and Maxey L. Wellman

46 Adrenal Gland 608
Walter Bertazzolo

Part XIII Central Nervous System 617

47 Central Nervous System Neoplasia in the Dog and Cat 619
Diana Schwartz, William Vernau, and Karen M. Vernau

48 Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in the Dog and Cat 638
Marlyn S. Whitney and Joan Ripley Coates

49 Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in Horses and Large Animals 655
Eric J. Fish and Joseph J. Bertone

Part XIV Fluid Analysis 665

50 Laboratory Techniques for Fluid Analysis 667
Linda M. Vap and Wendy S. Sprague

51 Pericardial Fluid 687
Shelley Burton and Etienne Côté

52 Abdominal and Thoracic Fluid Analysis in Dogs and Cats 695
Mary Anna Thrall

53 Abdominal and Thoracic Fluid Analysis in Horses 713
Emma Hooijberg and Catriona Lyle

54 Synovial Fluid Analysis of the Dog and Cat 727
R. Darren Wood and Thomas Gibson

55 Synovial Fluid Analysis of the Horse 736
R. Darren Wood and Judith Koenig

Part XV Species Specific Cytology 745

56 Exotic Companion Mammals 747
Courtney Johnson, Kyle Lauren Webb, Jennifer Graham, and Leslie C. Sharkey

57 Rabbit 766
Laurie Millward

58 Cattle 782
Amy L. Weeden, K. Lisa Hulme-Moir, and Julie Tomlinson

59 Camelids 800
Susan J. Tornquist, Christopher K. Cebra, and Michala de Linde Henriksen

60 Nonhuman Primates 809
Mark A. Suckow, Jodi A. Scholz, and Kirstin F. Barnhart

61 Reptiles and Birds 828
Nicole I. Stacy, Helene Pendl, and Peter M. Wencel

62 Amphibians 869
Allan P. Pessier

63 Fish 876
Charlotte Hollinger and Alisa L. Newton

64 Invertebrates 921
Charlotte Hollinger and Nicole I. Stacy

65 Sheep and Goats 929
Emma Hooijberg, Thomas Jenei, and Leslie C. Sharkey

Part XVI Applications of Cytology in Industry 937

66 Cytological Evaluation in Biomedical Research and Toxicity Studies 939
Florence Poitout-Belissent, Michelle Cora, and Angela Wilcox

Index 964