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Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology

9780443125232
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Opis
Gain the in-depth understanding of pathophysiology you need to guide your patient care! Using a systems approach, Pathophysiology, 8th Edition, examines the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of diseases and disorders. The book begins with a review of normal anatomy and physiology, followed by pathophysiology and application of concepts to specific disorders. Each chapter includes a discussion of the disease processes and abnormalities that may occur, with a focus on the pathophysiologic concepts involved. Written by a team of expert contributors led by Jacquelyn Banasik, this text emphasizes the major pathophysiology concepts relevant to clinical practice while not overwhelming the reader with minute detail.
Szczegóły produktu
Elsevier
104450
9780443125232
9780443125232

Opis

Rok wydania
2026
Numer wydania
8
Oprawa
miękka foliowana
Liczba stron
1200
Wymiary (mm)
216 x 276
Waga (g)
2300
  • UNIT I Pathophysiologic Processes
    1 Introduction to Pathophysiology
    Framework for Pathophysiology
    Concepts of Normality in Health and Disease
    Epidemiology

    2 Homeostasis Allostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors
    Homeostasis and Allostasis
    Stress as a Concept
    Neurohormonal Mediators of Stress and Adaptation
    Adaptation Coping and Illness

    UNIT II Cellular Function
    3 Cell Structure and Function
    Plasma Membrane
    Organization of Cellular Compartments
    Cellular Metabolism
    Functions of the Plasma Membrane
    Intercellular Communication and Growth

    4 Cell Injury Aging and Death
    Reversible Cell Injury
    Cellular Adaptation
    Irreversible Cell Injury
    Etiology of Cellular Injury
    Aging
    Somatic Death

    5 Genome Structure Regulation and Tissue Differentiation
    Structure and Function of Deoxyribonucleic Acid
    Regulation of the Genome
    Differentiation of Tissues

    6 Genetic and Developmental Disorders
    Principles of Inheritance
    Genetic Disorders
    Chromosomal Abnormalities
    Mendelian Single-Gene Disorders
    Nonmendelian Single-Gene Disorders
    Polygenic and Multifactorial Disorders
    Environmentally Induced Congenital Disorders
    Diagnosis Counseling and Gene Therapy

    7 Neoplasia
    Benign Versus Malignant Growth
    Epidemiology and Cancer Risk Factors
    Genetic Mechanisms of Cancer
    Multistep Nature of Carcinogenesis
    Invasion and Metastasis
    Effects of Cancer On the Body
    Cancer Therapy

    UNIT III Defense
    8 Infectious Processes
    Host-Microbe Relationship
    Transmission of Infection
    Types of Pathogenic Organisms

    9 Inflammation and Immunity
    Components of the Immune System
    Epithelial Barriers
    Mononuclear Phagocyte System
    Lymphoid System
    Leukocytes
    Chemical Mediators of Immune Function
    Innate Defenses and Inflammation
    Inflammation
    Healing
    Inflammatory Exudates
    Systemic Manifestations of Inflammation
    Specific Adaptive Immunity
    Major Histocompatibility Complex
    Antigen Presentation By Major Histocompatibility Complex
    Mechanisms of Cell-Mediated Immunity
    Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
    Antibody Structure
    Passive and Active Immunity
    Integrated Function and Regulation of the Immune System
    Integrated Response to Microbial Antigen
    Integrated Response to Viral Antigen
    Regulation of Immune Function

    10 Alterations in Immune Function
    Excessive Immune Responses
    Autoimmunity
    Hypersensitivity
    Deficient Immune Responses
    Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders
    Secondary Immunodeficiency Disorders

    11 Malignant Disorders of White Blood Cells
    Classification of Hematologic Neoplasms
    Etiology of Myeloid and Lymphoid Neoplasms
    General Principles of Management
    Myeloid Neoplasms
    Lymphoid Neoplasms

    12 HIV Disease and Aids
    Epidemiology
    Etiology
    Pathogenesis
    Diagnostic Testing
    Monitoring the Progression of HIV
    Clinical Manifestations
    Treatment

    UNIT IV Oxygen Transport Blood Coagulation Blood Flow and Blood Pressure
    13 Alterations in Oxygen Transport
    Composition of Blood
    Structure and Function of Red Blood Cells
    Gas Transport and Acid-Base Balance
    Anemia
    Anemia Related to Decreased Red Cell Production
    Anemia Related to Inherited Disorders of the Red Cell
    Anemia Related to Extrinsic Red Cell Destruction or Loss
    Polycythemia

    14 Alterations in Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation
    The Process of Hemostasis
    Evaluation of Hemostasis and Coagulation
    Vascular and Platelet Disorders
    Coagulation Disorders

    15 Alterations in Blood Flow
    Organization of the Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems
    Principles of Flow
    Control of Flow
    General Mechanisms that Cause Altered Flow
    Alterations in Arterial Flow
    Alterations in Venous Flow
    Alterations in Lymphatic Flow

    16 Alterations in Blood Pressure
    Arterial Blood Pressure
    Mechanisms of Blood Pressure Regulation
    Hypertension
    Low Blood Pressure

    UNIT V Cardiac Function
    17 Cardiac Function
    Cardiovascular Anatomy
    Cardiac Cycle
    Coronary Circulation
    Cardiac Myocytes
    Molecular Basis of Contraction
    Cardiac Energy Metabolism
    Cardiac Electrophysiology
    Electrocardiography
    Determinants of Cardiac Output
    Endocrine Function of the Heart
    Tests of Cardiac Function

    18 Alterations in Cardiac Function
    Coronary Heart Disease
    Endocardial and Valvular Diseases
    Myocardial Diseases
    Pericardial Diseases
    Congenital Heart Diseases

    19 Heart Failure and Dysrhythmias
    Heart Failure
    Cardiac Dysrhythmias

    20 Shock
    Pathogenesis of Shock
    Types of Shock
    Assessment and Hemodynamic Monitoring
    Complications of Shock

    UNIT VI Respiratory Function
    21 Respiratory Function and Alterations in Gas Exchange
    Functional Anatomy
    Ventilation
    Pulmonary Blood Flow
    Diffusion and Transport of Respiratory Gases
    Alterations in Pulmonary Function
    Diagnostic Tests
    Alterations in Pulmonary Vasculature
    Pulmonary Malignancies

    22 Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders
    Obstruction From Conditions in the Wall of the Lumen
    Obstruction Related to Loss of Lung Parenchyma
    Obstruction of the Airway Lumen

    23 Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders
    Lung Parenchyma Disorders
    Atelectatic Disorders
    Pleural Space Disorders
    Neuromuscular Chest Wall and Obesity Disorders
    Infection or Inflammation of the Lung

    UNIT VII Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostasis
    24 Fluid and Electrolyte Homeostasis and Imbalances
    Body Fluid Homeostasis
    Fluid Imbalances
    Principles of Electrolyte Homeostasis
    Electrolyte Imbalances

    25 Acid-Base Homeostasis and Imbalances
    Linda Felver
    Acid-Base Homeostasis
    Acid-Base Imbalances

    UNIT VIII Renal and Bladder Function
    26 Renal Function
    Renal Anatomy
    Overview of Nephron Structure and Function
    Regulation of Glomerular Filtration
    Transport Across Renal Tubules
    Regulation of Blood Volume and Osmolality
    Endocrine Functions
    Age-Related Changes in Renal Function
    Tests of Renal Structure and Function

    27 Intrarenal Disorders
    Common Manifestations of Kidney Disease
    Congenital Abnormalities
    Neoplasms
    Infection
    Obstruction
    Glomerular Disorders (Glomerulopathies)

    28 Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
    Acute Kidney Injury
    Chronic Kidney Disease
    Clinical Management

    29 Disorders of the Lower Urinary Tract
    Lower Urinary Tract
    Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Syndromes
    Neurogenic Bladder
    Congenital Disorders
    Neoplasms
    Inflammation and Infection
    Obstruction

    UNIT IX Genital and Reproductive Function
    30 Male Genital and Reproductive Function
    Courtney Foss
    Anatomy
    Embryology
    Male Reproductive Physiology

    31 Alterations in Male Genital and Reproductive Function
    Disorders of the Penis and Male Urethra
    Disorders of the Scrotum and Testes
    Disorders of the Prostate

    32 Female Genital and Reproductive Function
    Reproductive Structures
    Menstrual Cycle
    Breast
    Pregnancy
    Menopause

    33 Alterations in Female Genital and Reproductive Function
    Menstrual Disorders
    Alterations in Uterine Position and Pelvic Support
    Inflammation and Infection of the Female Reproductive Tract
    Benign Growths and Aberrant Tissue of the Female Reproductive Tract
    Cancer of the Female Genital Structures
    Disorders of Pregnancy
    Disorders of the Breast

    34 Sexually Transmitted Infections
    Urethritis Cervicitis Salpingitis and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
    Diseases With Systemic Involvement
    Diseases With Localized Lesions
    Enteric Infections

    UNIT X Gastrointestinal Function
    35 Gastrointestinal Function
    Structure and Organization of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    Gastrointestinal Motility
    Secretory Function
    Digestion and Absorption
    Gastrointestinal Function Across the Life Span

    36 Gastrointestinal Disorders
    Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders
    Disorders of the Mouth and Esophagus
    Oral Infections
    Esophageal Disorders
    Alterations in the Integrity of the Gastrointestinal Tract Wall
    Inflammation of the Stomach and Intestines
    Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    Enterocolitis
    Alterations in Motility and Malabsorption of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    Motility Disorders
    Mucosal Malabsorption Disorders
    Malabsorption Disorders After Surgical Intervention
    Neoplasms of the Gastrointestinal Tract
    Esophageal Gastric and Small Intestinal Cancers
    Colonic Polyps and Colon Cancer
    Psychosocial Aspects of Gastrointestinal Disorders

    37 Alterations in Function of the Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas
    Anatomy and Physiology of the Pancreaticobiliary System
    Disorders of the Gallbladder
    Disorders of the Pancreas

    38 Liver Diseases
    Structure and Function of the Liver
    General Manifestations of Liver Disease
    Disorders of the Liver
    Cirrhosis
    Toxic Liver Disorders
    Other Structural Liver Conditions
    Transplantation
    Liver Diseases and Pediatric Considerations
    Liver Diseases and Geriatric Considerations

    UNIT XI Endocrine Function Metabolism and Nutrition
    39 Endocrine Physiology and Mechanisms of Hypothalamic Pituitary Regulation
    Hormone Structure and Action
    Hormone Regulation
    Hypothalamic-Pituitary Endocrine System
    Thyroid Hormones
    Steroid Hormones
    Categories of Endocrine Disease

    40 Disorders of Endocrine Function
    Basic Concepts of Endocrine Disorders
    Growth Hormone Disorders
    Thyroid Hormone Disorders
    Adrenocortical Hormone Disorders
    Adrenal Medulla Disorder
    Parathyroid Gland Disorders
    Antidiuretic Hormone Disorders

    41 Diabetes Mellitus
    Regulation of Glucose Metabolism
    Glucose Intolerance Disorders
    Clinical Manifestations and Complications
    Treatment and Education
    Pediatric Considerations
    Geriatric Considerations

    42 Alterations in Metabolism and Nutrition
    Metabolic Processes
    Nutrient Metabolism
    Regulation of Appetite and Nutrient Metabolism
    Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
    Metabolic Responses to Starvation and Physiologic Stress
    Nutritional Considerations for Aging and Altered Health States

    UNIT XII Neural Function
    43 Structure and Function of the Nervous System
    Structural Organization
    Central Nervous System
    Peripheral Nervous System
    Autonomic Nervous System
    Neuronal Structure and Function
    Neurons and Supportive Cells
    Neuronal Communication
    Neural Development Aging and Injury
    Sensory Function
    Sensory Receptors
    Sensory Pathways
    Somatosensory Cortex
    Motor Function
    Motor Neurons
    Spinal Reflexes
    Central Control of Motor Function
    Consciousness Memory and Sleep
    Consciousness and Memory
    Sleep

    44 Acute Disorders of Brain Function
    Mechanisms of Brain Injury
    Manifestations of Brain Injury
    Traumatic Brain Injury
    Epidemiology
    Types of Traumatic Brain Injury
    Primary Injury
    Secondary Injury
    Treatment
    Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke
    Epidemiology
    Ischemic Stroke
    Hemorrhagic Stroke
    Treatment
    Stroke Sequelae
    Cerebral Aneurysm and Arteriovenous Malformation
    Cerebral Aneurysms
    Arteriovenous Malformation
    Central Nervous System Infections
    Meningitis
    Encephalitis
    Brain Abscess

    45 Chronic Disorders of Neurologic Function
    Brain and Cerebellar Disorders
    Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerve Disorders

    46 Alterations in Special Sensory Function
    Hearing and Balance
    Structure and Function of the Ear
    General Manifestations of Hearing Impairment
    Hearing Impairment Disorders
    Otitis Media
    Interventions for Individuals With Hearing Impairment
    Vision
    Structure of the Eye
    Visual Pathways
    General Manifestations of Visual Impairment
    Disorders of the Eye
    Interventions for Individuals With Vision Impairment
    Smell and Taste
    Disorders of Smell and Taste

    47 Pain
    Physiology of Pain
    Types of Pain
    Acute Pain
    Chronic Pain
    Cancer-Related Pain
    Neuropathic Pain
    Ischemic Pain
    Referred Pain
    Physiologic Responses to Pain
    Pain in the Young and the Elderly
    Treatment Modalities
    Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Pain Management

    UNIT XIII Neuropsychological Function
    48 Mental Health Disorders
    Neurobiology of Psychiatric Disorders
    Common Psychiatric Disorders

    UNIT XIV Musculoskeletal Support and Movement
    49 Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
    Structure and Function of Bone
    Structure and Function of Joints
    Structure and Function of Articular Cartilage
    Structure and Function of Tendons and Ligaments
    Structure and Function of Skeletal Muscle
    Mechanics of Muscle Contraction

    50 Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function Trauma Infection and Disease
    Soft Tissue Injuries
    Inert Soft Tissue Injuries
    Contractile Soft Tissue Injuries
    Bone Injuries and Infections
    Bone and Joint Trauma
    Infections of the Bone
    Alterations in Bone Structure and Mass
    Bone Structure Disorders
    Metabolic Bone Diseases
    Bone Tumors
    Diseases of Skeletal Muscle
    Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy
    Muscular Dystrophy
    Other Disorders of Muscle
    Myasthenia Gravis
    Chronic Muscle Pain

    51 Alterations in Musculoskeletal Function Rheumatic Disorders
    Local Disorders of Joint Function
    Systemic Disorders of Joint Function
    Joint Dysfunction Secondary to Other Diseases
    Pediatric Joint Disorders

    UNIT XV Integumentary System
    52 Alterations in the Integumentary System
    Age-Related Changes
    Evaluation of the Integumentary System
    Sel‎ected Skin Disorders
    Infectious Processes
    Inflammatory Conditions
    Allergic Skin Responses
    Parasitic Infestations
    Other Disorders of the Dermis
    Special Characteristics of Dark Skin
    Integumentary Manifestations of Systemic Disease
    Treatment Implications
    Developmental Considerations

    53 Burn Injuries
    Thermal Injury
    Electrical Injury
    Chemical Injury
    Special Populations

    Index
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