Goldman's Cecil Medicine

Cecil medicine, 24^th edition

Edited by Lee Goldman and Andrew I. Schafer

Part 1: Social and Ethical Issues in Medicine

1: Approach to Medicine, the Patient, and the Medical Profession: Medicine as a Learned and Humane Profession

Lee Goldman

Editor: Goldman, Lee

2: Bioethics in the Practice of Medicine

Ezekiel Emanuel

Editor: Goldman, Lee

3: Care of Dying Patients and Their Families

Robert Arnold

Editor: Goldman, Lee

4: Cultural Context of Medicine

Victoria M. Taylor

Editor: Goldman, Lee

5: Socioeconomic Issues in Medicine

Steven Schroeder

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 2: Principles of Evaluation and Management

6: Approach to the Patient: History and Physical Examination

David Simel

Editor: Goldman, Lee

7: Approach to the Patient with Abnormal Vital Signs

David L. Schriger

Editor: Goldman, Lee

8: Statistical Interpretation of Data

Thomas Newman;Charles McCulloch

Editor: Goldman, Lee

9: Using Data for Clinical Decisions

Thomas Lee

Editor: Goldman, Lee

10: Measuring Health and Health Care

Stephan D. Fihn

Editor: Goldman, Lee

11: Quality of Care and Safety of Patients

Robert Wachter

Editor: Goldman, Lee

12: Comprehensive Chronic Disease Management

Edward H. Wagner

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Part 3: Preventive and Environmental Issues

13: Counseling and Advising for Behavior Changes

F. Daniel Duffy

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14: The Periodic Health Examination

David Atkins

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15: Physical Activity

David M. Buchner

Editor: Goldman, Lee

16: Adolescent Medicine

Debra Katzman;Lawrence Neinstein

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17: Immunization

Walter Orenstein;William Atkinson

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18: Principles of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Mark R. Cullen

Editor: Goldman, Lee

19: Radiation Injury

Arthur Upton

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20: Bioterrorism

John G. Bartlett

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21: Chronic Poisoning: Trace Metals and Others

Michael A McGuigan

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 4: Aging and Geriatric Medicine

22: Epidemiology of Aging: Implications of the Aging Society

Linda Fried

Editor: Goldman, Lee

23: Geriatric Assessment

David B. Reuben

Editor: Goldman, Lee

24: Common Clinical Sequelae of Aging

Kenneth Minaker

Editor: Goldman, Lee

25: Incontinence

Neil Resnick

Editor: Goldman, Lee

26: Neuropsychiatric Aspects of Aging

Sharon Inouye

Editor: Goldman, Lee

27: Delirium and Other Mental Status Problems in the Older Patient

Sharon Inouye

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 5: Clinical Pharmacology

28: Principles of Drug Therapy

Robert Diasio

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

29: Pain

Srinivasa N Raja;Steven P Cohen

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

30: Biology of Addiction

Steven E. Hyman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

31: Nicotine and Tobacco

Tony P. George

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

32: Alcohol Abuse and Dependence

Patrick OConnor

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

33: Drug Abuse and Dependence

Roger Weiss

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

34: Immunosuppressive Drugs, Including Corticosteroids

Grant Cannon

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

35: Biologic Agents

Cem Gabay

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

36: Prostaglandins, Aspirin, and Related Compounds

Carlo Patrono

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

37: Antithrombotic Therapy

Sam Schulman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

38: Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Mary Charlson

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 6: Genetics

39: Principles of Genetics

Bruce Korf

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

40: Single-Gene and Chromosome Disorders

James R. Lupski

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

41: The Inherited Basis of Common Diseases

David Altshuler

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

42: Applications of Molecular Technologies to Clinical Medicine

Geoffrey Ginsburg;Geoffrey Ginsburg

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

43: Gene and Cell Therapy

Karl Skorecki

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 7: Principles of Immunology and Inflammation

44: The Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems

Cornelia Weyand;Jorg Goronzy

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

45: The Major Histocompatibility Complex

Peter K. Gregersen

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

46: Mechanisms of Immune-Mediated Tissue Injury

Jane Salmon

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

47: Mechanisms of Inflammation and Tissue Repair

Gary S. Firestein

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

48: Organ Transplantation

Megan Sykes

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

49: Complement in Health and Disease

David, R. Karp;V. Michael Holers

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 8: Cardiovascular Disease

50: Approach to the Patient with Possible Cardiovascular Disease

Lee Goldman

Editor: Goldman, Lee

51: Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease

Michael Klag

Editor: Goldman, Lee

52: Cardiac Function and Circulatory Control

Andrew Marks

Editor: Goldman, Lee

53: Radiology of the Heart

Murray G. Baron;Arthur E. Stillman

Editor: Goldman, Lee

54: Electrocardiography

Leonard I Ganz

Editor: Goldman, Lee

55: Echocardiography

Catherine Otto

Editor: Goldman, Lee

56: Non-invasive Cardiac Imaging

Christopher Kramer

Editor: Goldman, Lee

57: Catheterization and Angiography

Morton Kern

Editor: Goldman, Lee

58: Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis

Barry Massie

Editor: Goldman, Lee

59: Heart Failure: Management and Prognosis

John JV McMurray;Marc A. Pfeffer

Editor: Goldman, Lee

60: Diseases of the Myocardium and Endocardium

William McKenna;Perry Elliott

Editor: Goldman, Lee

61: Principles of Electrophysiology

Hugh Calkins

Editor: Goldman, Lee

62: Approach to the Patient with Suspected Arrhythmia

Jeffrey Olgin

Editor: Goldman, Lee

63: Approach to Cardiac Arrest and Life-Threatening Arrhythmias

Robert Myerburg

Editor: Goldman, Lee

64: Cardiac Arrhythmias with Supraventricular Origin

Peter Zimetbaum

Editor: Goldman, Lee

65: Ventricular Arrhythmias

William Stevenson

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66: Electrophysiologic Interventional Procedures and Surgery

Fred Morady

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67: Arterial Hypertension

Ronald Victor

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68: Pulmonary Hypertension

Valerie McLaughlin

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69: Congenital Heart Disease in Adults

Ariane Marelli

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70: Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology

Goran Hansson;Anders Hamsten

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71: Angina Pectoris

William Boden

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72: Acute Coronary Syndrome/Unstable Angina and Non-ST Elevation MI

Richard A. Lange

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73: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Complications of MI

Jeffrey Anderson

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74: Interventional and Surgical Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease

Paul Teirstein;Bruce Lytle

Editor: Goldman, Lee

75: Valvular Heart Disease

Blase Carabello

Editor: Goldman, Lee

76: Infective Endocarditis

Vance Fowler Jr.;Arnold Bayer

Editor: Goldman, Lee

77: Pericardial Disease

William Little;Jae K. Oh

Editor: Goldman, Lee

78: Diseases of the Aorta

Eric Isselbacher

Editor: Goldman, Lee

79: Atherosclerotic Peripheral Arterial Disease

Christopher White

Editor: Goldman, Lee

80: Other Peripheral Arterial Diseases

Jeffrey Olin

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81: Peripheral Venous Disease

Jeffrey Ginsberg

Editor: Goldman, Lee

82: Cardiac Transplantation

Mariell Jessup

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 9: Respiratory Diseases

83: Approach to the Patient with Respiratory Disease

Monica Kraft

Editor: Goldman, Lee

84: Imaging in Pulmonary Disease

Paul Stark

Editor: Goldman, Lee

85: Respiratory Structure and Function: Mechanisms and Testing

Herbert Reynolds

Editor: Goldman, Lee

86: Disorders of Ventilatory Control

Atul Malhotra

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87: Asthma

Jeffrey Drazen

Editor: Goldman, Lee

88: COPD

Dennis Niewoehner

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89: Cystic Fibrosis

Frank Accurso

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90: Bronchiectasis, Atelectasis, Cysts, and Localized Lung Disorders

Anne ODonnell

Editor: Goldman, Lee

91: Alveolar Filling Disorders

Stephanie, M. Levine

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92: Interstitial Lung Disease

Ganesh Raghu

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93: Occupational Pulmonary Disorders

Susan Tarlo

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94: Physical and Chemical Injuries of the Lung

David C. Christiani

Editor: Goldman, Lee

95: Sarcoidosis

Michael Iannuzzi

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96: Acute Bronchitis and Tracheitis

Richard. P. Wenzel

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97: Overview of Pneumonia

Andrew H. Limper

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98: Pulmonary Embolism

Jeffrey Weitz

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99: Diseases of the Diaphragm, Chest Wall, Pleura, and Mediastinum

F. Dennis McCool

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100: Obstructive Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome

Robert C. Basner

Editor: Goldman, Lee

101: Interventional and Surgical Approaches to Lung Disease

Armin Ernst;Malcom DeCamp

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 10: Critical Care Medicine

102: Approach to the Patient in a Critical Care Setting

Deborah J. Cook

Editor: Goldman, Lee

103: Respiratory Monitoring in Critical Care

James Stoller;Nicholas S. Hill

Editor: Goldman, Lee

104: Acute Respiratory Failure

Leonard Hudson;Arthur Slutsky

Editor: Goldman, Lee

105: Mechanical Ventilation

Leonard Hudson;Arthur Slutsky

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106: Approach to the Patient with Shock

Emanuel Rivers

Editor: Goldman, Lee

107: Cardiogenic Shock

Steven Hollenberg

Editor: Goldman, Lee

108: Shock Syndromes Related to Sepsis

James Russell

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109: Disorders Due to Heat and Cold

William Winkenwerder, Jr;Michael N Sawka

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110: Acute Poisoning

Marsha D. Ford I

Editor: Goldman, Lee

111: Electric Injury

Basil A. Pruitt Jr.

Editor: Goldman, Lee

112: Medical Aspects of Trauma and Burn Care

Robert H. Demling;Jonathan Gates;Reza Askari

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113: Venomous Snake Bites

Steven A. Seifert;James Armitage

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114: Venoms and Poisons from Marine Organisms

Jay Fox

Editor: Goldman, Lee

115: Rhabdomyolysis

Francis OConnor;Patricia A. Deuster

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 11: Renal and Genitourinary Diseases

116: Approach to the Patient with Renal Disease

Donald Landry

Editor: Goldman, Lee

117: Structure and Function of the Kidneys

Qais Al-Awqati;Jonathan Barasch

Editor: Goldman, Lee

118: Disorders of Sodium and Water Homeostasis

Karl Skorecki;Denny Ausiello

Editor: Goldman, Lee

119: Potassium Disorders

Julian Seifter

Editor: Goldman, Lee

120: Acid-Base Disorders

Julian Seifter

Editor: Goldman, Lee

121: Disorders of Magnesium and Phosphorus

Alan S. L. Yu

Editor: Goldman, Lee

122: Acute Kidney Injury

Bruce Molitoris

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123: Glomerular Disorders and Nephrotic Syndromes

Gerald B. Appel;Jai Radhakrishnan

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124: Tubulointerstitial Diseases

Eric G Neilson

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125: Obstructive Uropathy

Mark Zeidel

Editor: Goldman, Lee

126: Diabetes and the Kidney

Raymond Harris

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127: Vascular Disorders of the Kidney

Thomas D. DuBose, Jr.

Editor: Goldman, Lee

128: Nephrolithiasis

Gary C Curhan

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129: Cystic Kidney Diseases

M. Amin Arnaout

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130: Hereditary Nephropathies and Abnormalities of the Urinary Tract

Lisa Guay-Woodford

Editor: Goldman, Lee

131: Benign Prostate Disease and Prostatitis

Michael Barry;Mary McNaughton-Collins

Editor: Goldman, Lee

132: Chronic Kidney Disease

William Mitch

Editor: Goldman, Lee

133: Treatment of Irreversible Renal Failure

Nina Tolkoff-Rubin

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 12:Gastrointestinal Diseases

134: Approach to the Patient with Gastrointestinal Disease

Kenneth McQuaid

Editor: Goldman, Lee

135: Diagnostic Imaging Procedures in Gastroenterology

Perry J Pickhardt

Editor: Goldman, Lee

136: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

P. Jay Pasricha

Editor: Goldman, Lee

137: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Occult Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Dennis M. Jensen

Editor: Goldman, Lee

138: Disorders of Gastrointestinal Motility

Michael Camilleri

Editor: Goldman, Lee

139: Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Dyspepsia, and Noncardiac Chest Pain

Emeran Mayer

Editor: Goldman, Lee

140: Diseases of the Esophagus

David A. Katzka;Gary Falk

Editor: Goldman, Lee

141: Acid Peptic Disease

Ernst Kuipers;Martin Blaser

Editor: Goldman, Lee

142: Approach to the Patient with Diarrhea and Malabsorption

Carol E. Semrad

Editor: Goldman, Lee

143: Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Gary R. Lichtenstein

Editor: Goldman, Lee

144: Inflammatory and Anatomic Diseases of theINtestine, Peritoneum, Mesentery, and Omentum

Charlene Prather

Editor: Goldman, Lee

145: Vascular Diseases of the GI Tract

Stephen Hauser

Editor: Goldman, Lee

146: Pancreatitis

Chris E. Forsmark

Editor: Goldman, Lee

147: Diseases of the Rectum and Anus

Robert D. Madoff

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 13: Diseases of the Liver, Gallbladder, and Bile Ducts

148: Approach to the Patient with Liver Disease

Paul Martin

Editor: Goldman, Lee

149: Approach to the Patient with Jaundice or Abnormal Liver Test Results

Paul Berk;Kevin Korenblat

Editor: Goldman, Lee

150: Acute Viral Hepatitis

Jean-Michel Pawlotsky;Heiner Wedemeyer

Editor: Goldman, Lee

151: Chronic Viral Hepatitis

Jean-Michel Pawlotsky;John McHutchinson

Editor: Goldman, Lee

152: Toxin- and Drug-Induced Liver Disease

William Lee

Editor: Goldman, Lee

153: Inherited and Metabolic Hepatic Disorders

Bruce R Bacon

Editor: Goldman, Lee

154: Bacterial, Parasitic, Fungal, and Granulomatous Liver Diseases

Karen Krok;K. Rajender Reddy

Editor: Goldman, Lee

155: Alcoholic and NonAlcoholic Steatohepatitis

Naga P. Chalasani

Editor: Goldman, Lee

156: Cirrhosis and Its Sequelae

Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao

Editor: Goldman, Lee

157: Hepatic Failure and Liver Transplantation

Emmet Keeffe

Editor: Goldman, Lee

158: Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts

Nezam H. Afdhal

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 14: Hematologic Diseases

159: Hematopoiesis and Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Kenneth Kaushansky

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

160: The Peripheral blood Smear

Barbara Bain

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

161: Approach to the Anemias

H. Franklin Bunn

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

162: Microcytic and Hypochromic Anemias

Gordon Ginder

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

163: Autoimmune and Intravascular Hemolytic Anemias

Robert Schwartz

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

164: Hemolytic Anemias: Red Cell Membrane and Metabolic Defects

Patrick Gallagher

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

165: Hemoglobinopathies: The Thalassemias

Maria Cappellini

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

166: Sickle Cell Disease and Associated Hemoglobinopathies

Martin Steinberg

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

167: Megaloblastic Anemias

Asok C. Antony

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

168: Aplastic Anemia and Related Conditions

Grover Bagby

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

169: Polycythemias, Essential Thrombocythemia and Primary Myelobfibrosis

Ayalew Tefferi

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

170: Leukopenia and Leukocytosis

Nancy Berliner

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

171: Approach to the Patient with Lymphadenopathy and Splenomegaly

James Armitage

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

172: Disorders of Phagocyte Function

Michael Glogauer

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

173: Eosinophilic Syndromes

Marc Rothenberg

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

174: Approach to the Patient with Bleeding and Thrombosis

Andrew Schafer

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

175: Thrombocytopenia

Charles Abrams

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

176: Von Willebrands Disease and Abnormalties of Vascular Function

William Nichols

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

177: Hemorrhagic Disorders: Coagulation Factor Deficiencies

Margaret Ragni

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

178: Hemorrhagic Disorders: DIC, Liver Failure, and Vitamin K Deficiency

Andrew Schafer

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

179: Thrombotic Disorders: Hypercoagulable States

Andrew Schafer

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

180: Transfusion Medicine

Lawrence Goodnough

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

181: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Julie Vose

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 15: Oncology

182: Approach to the Patient with Cancer

Michael Perry

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

183: The Epidemiology of Cancer

Michael Thun

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

184: The Genetics of Cancer

Henry Lynch

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

185: The Biology of Cancer

Kenneth H Cowan;Jeffrey A Moscow

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

186: Endocrine Manifestations of Tumors: Ectopic Hormone Production

Robert F. Gagel

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

187: Paraneoplastic Syndromes and Other Non-Neoplastic Effects of Cancer

Hope Rugo

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

188: Myelodysplasia Syndrome

Alan List;Rami Komrokji;Eric Padron

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

189: The Acute Leukemias

Frederick R Appelbaum

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

190: The Chronic Leukemias

Hagop Kantarjian;Susan OBrien

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

191: Non-Hodgkins Lymphomas

James Armitage

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

192: Hodgkins Lymphomas

Joseph Connors

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

193: Plasma Cell Disorders

S. Vincent Rajkumar

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

194: Amyloidosis

Morrie Gertz

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

195: Tumors of the CNS and Intracranial Hypertension and Hypotension

Lisa DeAngelis

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

196: Head and Neck Cancer

Marshall R. Posner

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

197: Lung Cancer and Other Pulmonary Neoplasms

David S Ettinger

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

198: Neoplasma of the Esophagus and Stomach

Anil Rustgi

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

199: Neoplasms of the Large and Small Intestine

Charles Blanke;Douglas Faigel

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

200: Pancreatic Cancer

Margaret Tempero

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

201: Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors

Robert T. Jensen

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

202: Liver and Biliary Tract Tumors

Lewis Roberts

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

203: Tumors of the Kidney, Bladder, Ureters, and Renal Pelvis

Dean Bajorin

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

204: Breast Cancer and Differential Diagnosis of Benign Lesions

Nancy Davidson

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

205: Gynecologic Cancers

Maurie Markman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

206: Testicular Cancer

Lawrence Einhorn

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

207: Prostate Cancer

Eric Small

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

208: Bone Tumors: Primary and Metastatic Lesions

Karen H. Antman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

209: Sarcomas of Soft Tissue

George D. Demetri

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

210: Melanoma and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers

Lynn Schuchter

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

211: Cancer of Unknown Primary Origin

John Hainsworth

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 16: Metabolic Diseases

212: Approach to Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Louis Elsas II

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

213: Disorders of Lipid Metabolism

Clay F. Semenkovich

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

214: Glycogen Storage Diseases

Joseph I. Wolfsdorf;David A. Weinstein

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

215: Lysosomal Storage Diseases

Ellen Sidransky;Donna Krasnewich

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

216: Homocystinuria and Hyperhomocysteinemia

Bruce Barshop

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

217: The Porphyrias

Karl Anderson

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

218: Wilsons Disease

Stephen Kaler

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

219: Iron Overload (Hemochromatosis)

Bruce R Bacon

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 17:Nutritional Diseases

220: Nutritions Interface with Health and Disease

Douglas Heimburger

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

221: Nutritional Assessment

Bruce Bistrian

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

222: Protein-Energy Malnutrition

Samuel Klein

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

223: Enteral Nutrition

Stephen McClave

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

224: Parenteral Nutrition

Greet Van den Berghe;Alexander Wilmer

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

225: Vitamins, Trace Minerals, and Other Micronutrients

Joel B. Mason

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

226: Eating Disorders

Marsha Marcus

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

227: Obesity

Michael Jensen

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 18: Endocrine Diseases

228: Approach to the Patient with Endocrine Disease

David R. Clemmons

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

229: Principles of Endocrinology

David R. Clemmons

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

230: Neuroendocrinology and the Neuroendocrine System

Mark E. Molitch

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

231: Anterior Pituitary

Mark E. Molitch

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

232: Posterior Pituitary

Joseph G. Verbalis

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

233: Thyroid

Paul Ladenson;Matthew Kim

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

234: Adrenal Cortex

Lynnette Nieman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

235: The Adrenal Medulla, Catecholamines, and Pheochromocytoma

William F. Young

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

236: Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Robert Sherwin;Silvio Inzucchi

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

237: Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Robert Sherwin;Silvio Inzucchi

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

238: Hypoglycemia/Pancreatic Islet Cell Disorders

Stephen N. Davis

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

239: Polyglandular Disorders

Henry Kronenberg

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

240: Multiple-Organ Syndromes: Carcinoid Syndrome

Kenneth Hande

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

241: Disorders of Sexual Differentiation

Perrin C. White

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

242: The Testis and Male Sexual Function

Ronald Swerdloff

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

243: Ovaries, Development and Menstrual Cycle

Robert W Rebar

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

244: Reproductive Endocrinology/Infertility

Robert W Rebar

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 19: Womens Health

245: Approach to Womens Health

Karen Freund

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

246: Contraception

Daniel Mishell Jr.

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

247: Common Medical Problems in Pregnancy

Karen Rosene Montella

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

248: Menopause

Deborah Grady;Elizabeth Barrett-Connor

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

249: Interpersonal Violence

Harriet MacMillan;Gene Feder

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 20: Diseases of Bone and Mineral Metabolism

250: Mineral and Bone Homeostasis

Murray Favus

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

251: Osteoporosis

Cliff Rosen

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

252: Osteomalacia and Rickets

Robert Weinstein

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

253: The Parathyroid Glands, Hypercalcemia, and Hypocalcemia

John Wysolmerski;Karl Insogna

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

254: Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and Calcitonin

Samuel Wells Jr.

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

255: Pagets Disease of Bone

David Roodman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

256: Osteonecrosis, Osteosclerosis/Hyperostosis and Other Disorders of Bone

Michael P. Whyte

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 21: Diseases of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

257: Approach to the Patient with Allergic or Immunologic Disease

Stephen I Wasserman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

258: Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases

Mark Ballow

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

259: Allergic Rhinitis and Sinusitis

Larry Borish

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

260: Urticaria and Angioedema

Stephen Dreskin

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

261: Systemic Anaphylaxis, Food Allergy, and Insect Sting Allergy

Lawrence Schwartz

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

262: Drug Allergy

Leslie Grammer

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

263: Mastocytosis

Cem Akin

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 22: Rheumatic Diseases

264: Approach to the Patient with Rheumatic Disease

William Arend;George Lawry

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

265: Laboratory Testing in the Rheumatic Diseases

David Pisetsky

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

266: Imaging Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases

Lynne Steinbach

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

267: Connective Tissue Structure and Function

Richard Loeser

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

268: Inherited Diseases of Connective Tissues

Reed Edwin Pyeritz

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

269: The Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases

Daniel Kastner

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

270: Osteoarthritis

Nancy Lane;Thomas J. Schnitzer

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

271: Bursitis, Tendonitis, and Other Periarticular Disorders, and Sports Medicine

Josephn J. Biundo

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

272: Rheumatoid Arthritis

James ODell

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

273: The Spondyloarthropathies

Robert Inman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

274: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Mary Crow

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

275: Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis)

John Varga

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

276: Sjogrens Syndrome

M. Eric Gershwin;Stanley Naguwa

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

277: Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis

Frederick, W. Miller

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

278: The Systemic Vasculitides

John, H Stone

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

279: Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Temporal Arteritis

Steven Paget;Robert Spiera

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

280: Infections of Bursae, Joints, and Bones

Eric Matteson;Douglas Osmon

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

281: Crystal Deposition Diseases

N.Lawrence Edwards

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

282: Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Robert Bennett

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

283: Systemic Diseases in which Arthritis is a Feature

Sterling,G. West

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

284: Multifocal Fibrosclerosis

Wilmer Sibbitt Jr.

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

285: Surgical Treatment of Joint Diseases

C. Ronald Mackenzie;Edwin Su

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 23: Infectious Diseases

286: Introduction to Microbial Disease - Host-Pathogen Interactions

William Scheld

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

287: Principles of Anti-Infective Therapy

George M. Eliopoulos

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

288: Approach to Fever or Suspected Infection in the Normal Host

James Leggett

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

289: Approach to Fever and Suspected Infection in the Compromised Host

Kieren Marr

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

290: Approach to the Patient with Healthcare-associated Infections

Neil Fishman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

291: Approach to the Patient with Suspected Enteric Infection

Herbert DuPont

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

292: Approach to the Patient with Urinary Tract Infection

Ragnar Norrby

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

293: Approach to the Patient with a Sexually Transmitted Disease

Myron S. Cohen

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

294: Approach to the Patient Before and After Travel

Paul, M. Arguin

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

295: Antibacterial Therapy

George Drusano

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

296: Staphylococcal Infections

Henry Chambers

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

297: Streptococcus Pneumoniae Infections

Lionel Mandell

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

298: Non-Pneumococcal Streptococcal Infections, Rheumatic Fever

Donald Low

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

299: Enterococcal Infections

Trish Perl;Eli N. Perencevich

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

300: Diphtheria and Other Corynebacteria Infections

Roland Sutter

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

301: Listeriosis

Bennett Lorber

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

302: Anthrax

Daniel Lucey

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

303: Erysipelothrix Infections

Annette C. Reboli

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

304: Clostridial Infections

Dale Gerding

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

305: Diseases Caused by Non-spore-forming Anaerobic Bacteria

Itzhak Brook

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

306: Neisseria Meningitidis Infections

David Stephens

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

307: Neisseria Gonorhoeaea Infections

Matthew Golden

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

308: Haemophilus and Moraxella Infections

Michael Simberkoff

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

309: Chancroid

Stanley Spinola

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

310: Cholera and Other Vibrio Infections

Carlos Seas

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

311: Campylobacter Infections

Ban Mishu Allos

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

312: Escherichia Enteric Infections

Richard Guerrant;Ted Steiner

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

313: Infections due to other Members of the Enterobacteriaceae, including Management of Multi-Drug Resistant Strains

David Paterson

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

314: Pseudomonas and Related Gram-Negative Bacillary Infections

Gerald Pier

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

315: Other Non-Fermenting Gram-Negatives: Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas sp

Robert Bonomo

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

316: Salmonella Infections (Including Typhoid Fever)

John A. Crump

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

317: Shigellosis

Gerald T. Keusch

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

318: Brucellosis

Eduardo Gotuzzo

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

319: Tularemia and Other Francisella Infections

William Schaffner

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

320: Plague and Other Yersinia Infections

Kenneth Gage

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

321: Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections

Erik L. Hewlett

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

322: Legionella Infections

Thomas Marrie

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

323: Disease Caused by Bartonella Species

Didier Raoult;Jean-Marc Rolain

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

324: Granuloma Inguinale (Donovanosis)

Edward W. Hook III

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

325: Mycoplasma Infections

Stephen G. Baum

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

326: Diseases Caused by Chlamydiae

William, M. Geisler

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

327: Treponema Infection (Syphillis)

Edward W. Hook III

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

328: Nonsyphilitic Treponematoses

Edward W. Hook III

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

329: Lyme Disease

Gary Wormser

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

330: Relapsing Fever and Other Borrelia Infections

William Petri

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

331: Leptospirosis

Albert Ko

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

332: Tuberculosis

Jerrold Ellner

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

333: The Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Steven Holland

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

334: Leprosy (Hansens Disease)

Joel Ernst

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

335: Rickettsia Infections

Didier Raoult

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

336: Zoonoses

Stuart Levin

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

337: Actinomycosis

Itzhak Brook

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

338: Nocardiosis

Frederick Southwick

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

339: Systemic Antifungal Agents

David A. Stevens

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

340: Histoplasmosis

Carol Kauffman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

341: Coccidioidomycosis

John N. Galgiani

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

342: Blastomycosis

Carol Kauffman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

343: Paracoccidioidomycosis

Carol Kauffman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

344: Cryptococcoisis

Carol Kauffman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

345: Sporotrichosis

Carol Kauffman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

346: Candidiasis

Carol Kauffman

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

347: Aspergillosis

Thomas Walsh

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

348: Mucormycosis

Dimitrios Kontoyiannis

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

349: Pneumocystis Penumonia

Joseph A. Kovacs

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

350: Mycetoma

Dimitrios Kontoyiannis

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

351: Dematiaceous Fungal Infections

Peter Pappas

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

352: Antiparasitic Therapy

Richard Pearson

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

353: Malaria

Philip Rosenthal;Moses R. Kamya

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

354: African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)

William Petri

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

355: American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease)

Louis V. Kirchhoff

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

356: Leishmaniasis

Simon Croft

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

357: Toxoplasmosis

Jose, G Montoya

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

358: Crytosporidiosis

Richard Guerrant;Aldo A. M. Lima

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

359: Giardiasis

Theodore E. Nash

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

360: Amebiasis

William Petri

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

361: Babesiosis and Other Protozoan Diseases

Sam Telford III

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

362: Cestode Infections

A. Clinton White;Enrico Brunetti

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

363: Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis)

Aldo A. M. Lima;Edgar Carvalho

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

364: Liver, Intestinal, and Lung Fluke Infections

Eduardo Gotuzzo

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

365: Intestinal Nematodes

David Diemert

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

366: Tissue Nematodes

David Diemert

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

367: Arthropods and Leeches

Dirk Elston

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

368: Antiviral Therapy (Non-HIV)

John Beigel

Editor: Goldman, Lee

369: The Common Cold

Ronald B. Turner

Editor: Goldman, Lee

370: Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Edward Walsh

Editor: Goldman, Lee

371: Parainfluenza Viral Diseases

Kathryn Edwards;Geoffrey A. Weinberg

Editor: Goldman, Lee

372: Influenza

Frederick Hayden

Editor: Goldman, Lee

373: Adenovirus Diseases

John J. Treanor

Editor: Goldman, Lee

374: Coronaviruses

Larry Anderson

Editor: Goldman, Lee

375: Measles (Rubeola Virus Infection)

Marty Weisse;Capt. Mark Papania

Editor: Goldman, Lee

376: Rubella (German Measles)

Susan Reef

Editor: Goldman, Lee

377: Mumps

John Gnann

Editor: Goldman, Lee

378: Slow Virus Infections

Avindra Nath

Editor: Goldman, Lee

379: Parvovirus

Neal S. Young

Editor: Goldman, Lee

380: Smallpox, Monkeypox, and Other Poxvirus Infections

Inger Damon

Editor: Goldman, Lee

381: Papillomavirus

John M. Douglas Jr.

Editor: Goldman, Lee

382: Herpes Simplex Virus Infections

Richard J. Whitley

Editor: Goldman, Lee

383: Varicella (Chickenpox, Shingles)

Jeffrey Cohen

Editor: Goldman, Lee

384: Cytomegalovirus

W. Lawrence Drew

Editor: Goldman, Lee

385: Epstein-Barr Virus Infection

Robert Schooley

Editor: Goldman, Lee

386: Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Viruses Type I and II

William Blattner

Editor: Goldman, Lee

387: Enteroviruses

José R Romero

Editor: Goldman, Lee

388: Rotaviruses, Noroviruses, and Other GI Viruses

Harry Greenberg;Manuel Franco

Editor: Goldman, Lee

389: Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

Daniel G. Bausch

Editor: Goldman, Lee

390: Arthropod-borne Viruses Causing Fever and Rash

Stanley Naides

Editor: Goldman, Lee

391: Anthropod-borne Viruses Affecting the CNS

Thomas Bleck

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 24: HIV and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

392: Epidemiology of HIV Infection and AIDS

Thomas Quinn

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

393: Immunopathogenesis of HIV Infection

Robert Siliciano

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

394: Biology of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses

George Shaw

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

395: Prevention of HIV Infection

Carlos Del Rio

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

396: Treatment of HIV Infection and AIDS

Henry Masur

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

397: Gastrointestinal Manifestions of HIV and AIDS

Christine Wanke;Tamsin Knox

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

398: Pulmonary Manifestations of HIV and AIDS

Laurence Huang

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

399: Skin Manifestations in Patients with HIV Infection

Toby Maurer

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

400: Hematology/Oncology in Patients with HIV Infection

Paul A. Volberding

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

401: Neurologic Complications of HIV Infection

Avindra Nath

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

402: Immune reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV/AIDS

Robert Colebunders;Martyn French

Editor: Schafer, Andrew

Part 25: Neurology

403: Approach to the Patient with Neurological Disease

Ralph Jozefowicz;Michael Aminoff

Editor: Goldman, Lee

404: Psychiatric Disorders in Medical Practice

Jeffrey M. Lyness

Editor: Goldman, Lee

405: Headaches and Other Head Pain

Kathleen Digre

Editor: Goldman, Lee

406: Head and Spinal Cord Injury

Geoffrey Ling

Editor: Goldman, Lee

407: Spine, Disc, Spinal Cord and Spinal Root Disease

Richard, L Barbano

Editor: Goldman, Lee

408: Regional Cerebral Dysfunction

David Knopman

Editor: Goldman, Lee

409: Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias

David Knopman

Editor: Goldman, Lee

410: The Epilepsies

Samuel Wiebe

Editor: Goldman, Lee

411: Coma, Persistent Vegetative State and Brain Death

James L. Bernat

Editor: Goldman, Lee

412: Disorders of Sleep

Mark W. Mahowald

Editor: Goldman, Lee

413: Approach to Cerebrovascular Diseases

Justin Zivin

Editor: Goldman, Lee

414: Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease

Justin Zivin

Editor: Goldman, Lee

415: Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Disease

Justin Zivin

Editor: Goldman, Lee

416: Parkinsonism

Anthony E Lang

Editor: Goldman, Lee

417: Other Movement Disorders

Anthony Lang

Editor: Goldman, Lee

418: ALS and Other Motor Neuron Diseases

Pamela J Shaw

Editor: Goldman, Lee

419: Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Conditions of the CNS

Peter Calabresi

Editor: Goldman, Lee

420: Meningitis: Bacterial, Viral, and Other

Avindra Nath

Editor: Goldman, Lee

421: Brain Abscess and Parameningeal Infections

Avindra Nath;Joseph, R Berger

Editor: Goldman, Lee

422: Acute Viral Encephalitis

Allen Aksamit Jr.

Editor: Goldman, Lee

423: Poliomyelitis

Allen Aksamit Jr.

Editor: Goldman, Lee

424: Prion Diseases

Patrick J. Bosque

Editor: Goldman, Lee

425: Nutritional and Alcohol-Related Neurologic Diseases

Barbara Koppel

Editor: Goldman, Lee

426: Congenital, Developmental and Neurocutaneous Disorders

Jonathan W. Mink

Editor: Goldman, Lee

427: Autonomic Disorders and Their Management

William P. Cheshire Jr.

Editor: Goldman, Lee

428: Peripheral Neuropathies

Michael Shy

Editor: Goldman, Lee

429: Muscle Diseases

Patrick F. Chinnery

Editor: Goldman, Lee

430: Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission

Angela Vincent

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 26: Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases

431: Diseases of the Visual System

Myron Yanoff;J. Douglas Cameron

Editor: Goldman, Lee

432: Neuro-Ophthalmology

Robert W. Baloh;Joanna Jen

Editor: Goldman, Lee

433: Diseases of the Mouth and Salivary Glands

Troy Daniels

Editor: Goldman, Lee

434: Approach to the Patient with Nose, Sinus, and Ear Disorders

Andrew Murr

Editor: Goldman, Lee

435: Smell and Taste

Robert W. Baloh;Joanna Jen

Editor: Goldman, Lee

436: Hearing and Equilibrium

Robert W. Baloh;Joanna Jen

Editor: Goldman, Lee

437: Throat Disorders

Thomas Tami

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 27: Medical Consultation

438: Principles of Preoperative Consultation and Co-Management

Gerald Smetana

Editor: Goldman, Lee

439: Preoperative Evaluation

Steven Cohn

Editor: Goldman, Lee

440: Overview of Anesthesia

Jeanine Wiener-Kronish;Lee Fleisher

Editor: Goldman, Lee

441: Postoperative Care and Complications

Don Redelmeier

Editor: Goldman, Lee

442: Medical Consultation in Psychiatry

Peter Manu

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Part 28: Skin Diseases

443: Structure and Function of Skin

David Norris

Editor: Goldman, Lee

444: Examination of the Skin and an Approach to Diagnosing Skin Diseases

Cheryl Armstrong

Editor: Goldman, Lee

445: Principles of Therapy

Victoria Werth

Editor: Goldman, Lee

446: Eczema, Photosensitivity, and papulosquamous (including fungal) Diseases and Figurate Erythemas

Henry Lim

Editor: Goldman, Lee

447: Macular, Vesiculobullous, and Pustular Diseases

Neil Korman

Editor: Goldman, Lee

448: Urticaria, Drug Hypersensitivity Rashes, Nodules and Tumors, and Atrophic Diseases

Madeleine Duvic

Editor: Goldman, Lee

449: Infections, Hyper-and Hypopigmentation, Regional Dermatology, and Distinctive Lesions in Black Skin

Jean Bolognia

Editor: Goldman, Lee

450: Diseases of Hair and Nails

Antonella Tosti

Editor: Goldman, Lee

Appendix: Laboratory Reference Intervals and Values

Appendix: Reference Intervals and Laboratory Values

Ronald J. Elin

Editor: Goldman, Lee