Emergency Medicine Evidence: The Practice-Changing Studies

Section 1: Abdominal
Authors: Kathryn Hawk, Paulina Sergot

1. CT in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis
2. Proton Pump Inhibitors in Bleeding Peptic Ulcer Disease
3. Somatostatin in Variceal Bleeding
4. Diagnostic Nasogastric Tubes in Hematemesis
5. Spontaneous Ureteral Stone Passage
6. Oral Ondansetron in Gastroenteritis
7. Oral vs. IV Rehydration in Children

Section 2: Airway
Authors: Andrew Eyre, Brock Daniels, Anita Rohra

1. Non-Invasive Ventilation in Pulmonary Edema
2. End Tidal CO2 in Sedation
3. RSI in ED Training
4. Hemoglobin Desaturation after Succinylcholine
5. Laryngeal View Improvement in Laryngoscopy

Section 3: Allergy
Authors: Christina Wilson, Brock Daniels

1. Cephalosporins in Penicillin Allergic Patients
2. Histamine Antagonists in Acute Allergic Reactions

Section 4: Cardiology
Authors: Kenneth Bernard, Stephanie Burgos, Peter Pruitt, Harman Singh Gill, Joshua Keegan

1. TIMI risk score for ACS
2. Missed ACS in the ED
3. Acute MI without Chest Pain
4. Troponins in Chest Pain
5. Beta Blockers in AMI: The COMMIT Trial
6. Aspirin in AMI: The ISIS-2 Trial
7. Heparinizing Unstable Angina
8. Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Unstable Angina
9. PCI vs Lytics in Acute MI: The Gusto IIb Trial
10. PCI Timing in ACS
11. tPA in Acute MI: The Gusto Trial
12. Delaying Defibrillation for CPR in Cardiac Arrest
13. Therapeutic Hypothermia in Cardiac Arrest
14. CPR Quality in Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest
15. Chest Compression only CPR
16. Amiodarone in Ventricular Fibrillation
17. Epinephrine in Cardiac Arrest
18. tPA in PEA Cardiac Arrest
19. Vasopressin vs. Epinephrine for Cardiac Arrest
20. Pill in the Pocket for Atrial Fibrillation
21. Rhythm Control in Atrial Fibrillation: The Affirm Trial
22. Risk of Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Cardioversion

Section 5: Endocrine
Authors: Daphne Morrison-Ponce

1. ABG vs. VBG in DKA
2. Bicarbonate in DKA

Section 6: Infectious Disease
Authors: Kito Lord, Ashley Kockankek, Jennifer Carne

1. Early Goal Directed Therapy in Sepsis
2. The PORT Score in Pneumonia
3. Dexamethasone in Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis
4. Steroids in Adult meningitis
5. Doxycycline in Lyme disease
6. Intervention to Decrease Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection
7. Delayed Antibiotic Treatment for Acute Otitis Media
8. Centor Criteria for Strep Throat
9. The Febrile Infant—3 Stories
10. Bacterial Infection in Febrile Infants with RSV

Section 7: Neurology
Authors: David Yamane, Michael Billington

1. CT before Lumbar Puncture in meningitis
2. Steroids and Antivirals in Bell’s Palsy
3. Prochlorperazine in Migraine
4. Metoclopramide in Migraine
5. tPA for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The NINDS Trial
6. Intra-arterial tPA in Acute Ischemic Stroke: The Proact II Study
7. Timing of tPA in Acute Ischemic Stroke
8. Expanded window for tPA in Stroke: The ECASS III Study
9. Determining Stroke Risk after TIA
10. Urgent Follow up for TIA: The EXPRESS Study
11. The Epley Maneuver for Vertigo
12. Risk of Seizure Recurrence in Pediatrics

Section 8: Operations
Authors: Christina Wilson, Ije Akunyili

1. Chest Pain Protocols in the ED
2. Stress Testing in the Emergency Department
3. Social Interventions for Alcohol Abuse

Section 9: Orthopedics
Authors: Andrew Eyre

1. The Ottawa Knee Rules
2. The Ottawa Ankle Rules

Section 10: Pain
Authors: Michael Billington

1. Morphine and the Clinical Abdominal Exam
2. Ketorolac vs Ibuprofen in Musculoskeletal Pain
3. Pain Management in the ED: The PEMI Study

Section 11: Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Fan Yang

1. Clinical Diagnosis of PE
2. The PERC Rule in PE
3. D-dimer in DVT and PE
4. VQ Scan in Acute PE: The PIOPED Trial
5. CT Imaging for Acute PE: The PIOPED II Trial

Section 12: Psychiatry
Authors: Daphne Morrison-Ponce

1. Pharmaceutical Restraints for Psychotic Agitation

Section 13: Pulmonary
Authors: Radhika Sundarajan, Joshua Keegan

1. Low Tidal Volume Ventilation in ARDS
2. Magnesium in Asthma
3. Dual bronchodilators in Asthma
4. Dexamethasone for Croup
5. Oral vs. IV Steroids in COPD
6. Antibiotics in COPD exacerbations
7. Pulse-Oximetry replaces Arterial Blood Gases

Section 14: Toxicology
Authors: Sabrina Poon, Fan Yang, Spencer Greene, Silpa Gadiraju

1. Fomepizole in Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
2. Hyperbaric Oxygen in CO Poisoning
3. Acetaminophen Poisoning and Toxicity: The Rumack Mathew Nomogram
4. NAC in Acetaminophen Overdose
5. Hydroxocobalamin in Cyanide Poisoning
6. Digoxin Immune Fab in Digitalis Toxicity
7. Crotalidae Immune Fab in Snakebites

Section 15: Trauma
Authors: Andrew Eyre, Eva Tovar, David Beversluis

1. Laparotomy in Abdominal Gun Shot Wounds
2. Permissive Hypotension in Trauma
3. Level One Trauma Center and Mortality
4. CT vs. X-Ray in Traumatic Cervical Spine Injury
5. The NEXUS Criteria and the Canadian C-Spine Rules
6. New Orleans Criteria and the Canadian Head CT Rules
7. ED Thoracotomies
8. Pediatric Head Trauma

Section 15: Ultrasound
Authors: Christina Wilson, Dapnhe Morrison-Ponce

1. Point of Care Echo in Penetrating Cardiac Injury
2. Ultrasound in Central Line Placement
3. Ultrasound in Trauma
4. Ultrasound in Resuscitation Termination