Diagnostic Ultrasound: Musculoskeletal

PART 1:: ANATOMY

SECTION I:: UPPER LIMB

Sternoclavicular and Acromioclavicular Joints

Shoulder

Axilla

Arm

Arm Vessels

Elbow

Forearm

Forearm Vessels

Wrist

Hand

Hand Vessels

Thumb

Fingers

Radial Nerve

Median Nerve

Ulnar Nerve

SECTION II:: LOWER LIMB

Hip

Thigh Muscles

Femoral Vessels and Nerves

Knee

Leg Muscles

Leg Vessels

Leg Nerves

Ankle

Tarsus

Foot Vessels

Metatarsals and Toes

SECTION III:: TRUNK

Brachial Plexus

Ribs and Intercostal Space

Abdominal Wall and Paraspinal Structures

Groin

Gluteal Muscles

PART 2:: DIAGNOSES

SECTION I:: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW

Approach to Musculoskeletal Sonography

Musculoskeletal Artifacts

SECTION II:: TENDON DISORDERS

Rotator Cuff/Biceps Tendinosis

Rotator Cuff/Biceps Tendon Tear

Non-Rotator Cuff Tendinosis

Non-Rotator Cuff Tendon Tears

Tenosynovitis

Elbow Epicondylitis

SECTION III:: SOFT TISSUE, BONE, AND JOINT INJURY

Fat Injury

Muscle Infarction

Muscle Injury

Hematoma/Seroma

Ligament Injury

Bone Fracture

SECTION IV:: ARTHROPATHIES

Osteoarthritis

Inflammatory Arthritis

Gout and Pseudogout

Developmental Hip Dysplasia

SECTION V:: NEUROVASCULAR ABNORMALITIES

Nerve Injury

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

Vascular Dilatation or Inflammation

SECTION VI:: INFECTION

Soft Tissue Infection

Bone Infection

Joint Infection

Postoperative Infection

SECTION VII:: ARTICULAR AND PARAARTICULAR MASSES

Hemarthrosis and Lipohemarthrosis

Baker Cyst

Bursitis

Ganglion Cyst

Parameniscal Cyst

Synovial Tumor

SECTION VIII:: SOFT TISSUE AND BONE TUMORS

Plantar Fasciitis and Fibromatosis

Lipoma

Epidermoid Cyst

Pilomatricoma

Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans

Vascular Leiomyoma

Superficial Metastases, Lymphoma, and Melanoma

Vascular Anomaly

Foreign Body and Injection Granulomas

Lymph Node Abnormality

Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Bone Tumor

Local Tumor Recurrence

SECTION IX:: HERNIA

Abdominal Wall Hernia

Groin Hernia

PART 3:: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES

SECTION I:: GENERAL LUMPS AND BUMPS

Hypoechoic Subcutaneous Mass

Hyperechoic Subcutaneous Mass

Hypoechoic Muscle Mass

Hyperechoic Muscle Mass

Cystic Soft Tissue Mass

Calcified Soft Tissue Mass

Hypervascular Soft Tissue Mass

SECTION II:: TENDON ABNORMALITIES

Peritendinous Mass

Tendon Hypoechogenicity

Tendon Hyperechogenicity

Tendon Swelling

SECTION III:: NERVE, FASCIA, AND BONE

Swollen Nerve

Fascial Lesion

Bone Surface Lesion

SECTION IV:: JOINT ABNORMALITIES

Paraarticular Cystic Mass

Synovial Swelling

Joint Effusion

SECTION V:: CHEST AND ABDOMINAL WALL

Chest Wall Lesion

Abdominal Wall Mass

PART 4:: INTERVENTIONAL PROCEDURES

SECTION I:: BIOPSY

Biopsy Soft Tissue Tumor

Biopsy Bone Tumor

SECTION II:: JOINT PROCEDURES

Shoulder Procedures

Elbow Procedures

Hand and Wrist Procedures

Hip and Pelvis Procedures

Knee Procedures

Ankle and Foot Procedures