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Critical Care Nephrology

Critical Care Nephrology

9780323449427
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Opis

Comprehensive and clinically relevant, the 3rd Edition of Critical Care Nephrology provides authoritative coverage of the latest advances in critical care procedures for patients with renal diseases or disorders. Using common guidelines and standardized approaches to critically ill patients, this multidisciplinary reference facilitates better communication among all physicians who care for critically ill patients suffering from kidney disease, electrolyte and metabolic imbalances, poisoning, severe sepsis, major organ dysfunction, and other pathological events.

Szczegóły produktu
Elsevier
59755
9780323449427
9780323449427

Opis

Rok wydania
2018
Numer wydania
3
Oprawa
twarda
Liczba stron
1456
Wymiary (mm)
222 x 281
Waga (g)
2830
  • Section 1: Principles of Critical Care

    Chapter 1 - The Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 2 - The Pathophysiologic Foundations of Critical Care

    Chapter 3 - Mechanical Ventilation

    Chapter 4 - Hemodynamic Support in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 5 - Monitoring Organ Dysfunction in Critical Care

    Chapter 6 - Kidney-Specific Severity Scores

    Section 2: Principles of Renal Physiology

    Chapter 7 - The Physiology of the Glomerulus

    Chapter 8 - The Physiology of the Loop of Henle

    Chapter 9 - Glomerular Filtration Rate, Renal Functional Reserve, and Kidney Stress Testing

    Chapter 10 - Renal Energy Consumption and Metabolism

    Section 3: Epidemiology of Acute Kidney Injury in Critical Care

    Chapter 11 - Acute Kidney Injury: From Clinical to Molecular Diagnosis

    Chapter 12 - Community- and Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 13 - Epidemiology of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients

    Chapter 14 - Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

    Section 4: Exposures and Patient Susceptibility

    Chapter 15 - Genetic Predisposition for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

    Chapter 16 - Risk Factors and Risk Assessment in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 17 - Experimental Models of Acute Kidney Injury

    Section 5: Humoral and Cellular Mechanisms of Kidney Damage

    Chapter 18 - Renal Blood Flow and Perfusion Pressure

    Chapter 19 - Humoral Mediators in Sepsis

    Chapter 20 - Cell Death Pathways: Apoptosis and Regulated Necrosis

    Chapter 21 - Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns, Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns, and Their Receptors in Acute Kidney Injury

    Section 6: Clinical Course of Acute Kidney Injury and Biomarkers

    Chapter 22 - Acute Kidney Disease

    Chapter 23 - Acute Kidney Disease, Renal Recovery, and Post-Acute Kidney Injury Care

    Chapter 24 - The Role of Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 25 - Functional Biomarkers

    Chapter 26 - Damage Biomarkers

    Chapter 27 - Kidney Stress Biomarkers

    Section 7: Mechanisms of Repair or Progression

    Chapter 28 - Renal Repair and Recovery

    Chapter 29 - Maladaptive Repair and Progression to CKD

    Chapter 30 - Biomarkers of Recovery and/or Repair Following Acute Kidney Injury

    Section 8: Renal Histopathology in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 31 - Practical Considerations of Renal Biopsies in Critical Care Patients

    Chapter 32 - Localization of Injury and Repair Pathways

    Section 9: Imaging Techniques in Critical Care Nephrology

    Chapter 33 - Ultrasonography and Doppler Techniques

    Chapter 34 - Contrast-Enhanced Renal Ultrasound

    Chapter 35 - Traditional Radiology, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Critical Care Nephrology

    Chapter 36 - Radionuclides Diagnostic Techniques

    Section 10: Clinical Syndromes and Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 37 - Multiple Organ Dysfunction

    Chapter 38 - Acute Kidney Injury in Burns and Trauma

    Chapter 39 - Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 40 - Acute Kidney Injury in Pregnancy

    Chapter 41 - Acute Kidney Injury in Oncology and Tumor Lysis Syndrome

    Chapter 42 - Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery

    Chapter 43 - Acute Kidney Injury in Major Surgery

    Chapter 44 - Acute Kidney Injury in Heart Failure

    Chapter 45 - Acute Kidney Injury in Cirrhosis

    Chapter 46 - Acute Renal Failure in Kidney Transplant Recipients

    Chapter 47 - Acute Glomerulonephritis

    Chapter 48 - Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 49 - Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

    Chapter 50 - Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

    Section 11: Prevention and Treatment: General Treatment Concepts

    Chapter 51 - Nonpharmacologic Management of Acute Renal Injury

    Chapter 52 - Novel Drugs for Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 53 - Remote Ischemic Preconditioning

    Section 12: Fluid and Electrolytes

    Chapter 54 - Blood Biochemistry: Measuring Major Plasma Electrolytes

    Chapter 55 - Assessment of Urine Biochemistry

    Chapter 56 - Disorders of Sodium and Water Balance

    Chapter 57 - Disorders of Potassium and Magnesium

    Chapter 58 - Calcium and Phosphate Physiology

    Chapter 59 - Principles of Fluid Therapy

    Chapter 60 - Blood Transfusion Therapy

    Chapter 61 - Loop and Thiazide Diuretics

    Chapter 62 - Vaptans and the Treatment of Hyponatremia

    Chapter 63 - Aldosterone Antagonists, Amiloride, and Triamterene

    Section 13: Acid-Base

    Chapter 64 - Laboratory Tests: Blood Gases, Anion Gap, and Strong Ion Gap

    Chapter 65 - Acid-Base Physiology and Diagnosis of Disorders

    Chapter 66 - Metabolic Acidosis

    Chapter 67 - Hyperlactatemia and Lactic Acidosis

    Chapter 68 - Renal Tubular Acidosis

    Chapter 69 - Metabolic Alkalosis

    Chapter 70 - Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders

    Chapter 71 - Iatrogenic and Poison-Derived Acid Base Disorders

    Section 14: Metabolism and Nutrition in Critical Illness and Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 72 - Energy Requirement and Consumption in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 73 - Impact of Renal Replacement Therapy on Metabolism and Nutrient Requirements in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 74 - Amino Acid Turnover, Protein Metabolism, and Nitrogen Balance in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 75 - Carbohydrates and Lipids

    Chapter 76 - Endocrinology of the Stress Response During Critical Illness

    Chapter 77 - Anemia of Critical Illness

    Chapter 78 - Management of Nutrition in Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 79 - Blood Glucose Control in Critical Care

    Chapter 80 - Enteral Nutrition

    Section 15: Infectious Diseases and Sepsis

    Chapter 81 - Microbiologic Considerations in the Intensive Care Patient

    Chapter 82 - Innate Immunity and the Kidney

    Chapter 83 - Adaptive Immunity and Critical Illness

    Chapter 84 - Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Hepatorenal Syndrome

    Chapter 85 - Tropical Infections Causing Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 86 - Sepsis and Septic Shock

    Chapter 87 - Complement and Its Consequences in Sepsis

    Chapter 88 - Coagulation Abnormalities in Sepsis

    Dysfunction of the Kidney in Sepsis

    Book chapterFull text access

    Chapter 89 - Endothelial Dysfunction of the Kidney in Sepsis

    Chapter 90 - Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 91 - Recommendations for Sepsis Management

    Chapter 92 - Principles of Antimicrobial Prescription in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 93 - Renal Replacement Therapy for Septic Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 94 - Blood Purification for Sepsis

    Chapter 95 - Management of Infection in Patients With Kidney Transplant

    Chapter 96 - Critical Care Viral Infections

    Chapter 97 - Principles of Antibiotic Prescription in Intensive Care Unit Patients and Patients With Acute Renal Failure

    Section 16: Acute Intoxication and Poisoning

    Chapter 98 - Drugs and Antidotes in Acute Intoxication

    Chapter 99 - Extracorporeal Therapies in Acute Intoxication and Poisoning

    Chapter 100 - Plasmapheresis in Acute Intoxication and Poisoning

    Chapter 101 - Poisoning: Kinetics to Therapeutics

    Section 17: Acute Kidney Injury and Organ Crosstalk

    Chapter 102 - Bleeding and Hemostasis in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 103 - Gastrointestinal Problems in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 104 - Cardiovascular Problems in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 105 - Water and Electrolyte Disturbances in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 106 - Neurologic Problems in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 107 - Immunologic and Infectious Complications of Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 108 - Cellular Response to Acute Kidney Injury

    Section 18: Interaction of the Heart and the Kidney

    Chapter 109 - Heart-Kidney Cross-Talk

    Chapter 110 - Classification of Cardiorenal Syndrome

    Chapter 111 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1

    Chapter 112 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 2

    Chapter 113 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 3

    Chapter 114 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 4

    Chapter 115 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 5

    Chapter 116 - Renal Function During Cardiac Mechanical Support and Artificial Heart

    Chapter 117 - The Kidney in Diastolic Dysfunction

    Chapter 118 - Principles of Diuretic Management in Heart Failure

    Chapter 119 - Management of Overhydration in Heart Failure Patients

    Chapter 120 - Recent Advances for Stroke Prevention in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Advanced Kidney Disease

    Section 19: Interaction of the Lung and Kidney

    Chapter 121 - Lung-Kidney Cross-Talk

    Chapter 122 - The Kidney During Mechanical Ventilation

    Chapter 123 - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Renal Function

    Chapter 124 - Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal

    Chapter 125 - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Adults and Children

    Chapter 126 - Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome

    Section 20: The Liver and the Kidney

    Chapter 127 - Liver-Kidney Interaction

    Chapter 128 - Pathophysiology and Management of the Hepatorenal Syndrome

    Chapter 129 - Kidney Dysfunction After Liver Transplantation

    Chapter 130 - Extracorporeal Liver Support Devices

    Section 21: Interaction of the Brain and the Kidney

    Chapter 131 - Treatment of Combined Acute Renal Failure and Cerebral Edema

    Chapter 132 - Renal Protection in the Organ Donor

    Chapter 133 - Effect of Extracorporeal Therapies on the Brain

    Section 22: Fluid Balance and its Management in the Critically Ill

    Chapter 134 - Components of Fluid Balance and Monitoring

    Chapter 135 - Noninvasive Methods of Fluid Status Assessment in Critically Ill Patients

    Chapter 136 - Management of Fluid Overload in Cardiorenal Patients: The Five B Approach

    Chapter 137 - Mechanical Fluid Removal

    Section 23: General Principles of Acute Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 138 - Indications for Renal Replacement Therapy in the Critically Ill

    Chapter 139 - Principles of Extracorporeal Circulation and Transport Phenomena

    Chapter 140 - Membranes and Filters for Use in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 141 - Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Machine Technology

    Chapter 142 - Principles of Anticoagulation in Extracorporeal Circuits

    Chapter 143 - Dialysis Solutions and Replacement Fluids

    Chapter 144 - Starting and Stopping Renal Replacement Therapy in the Critically Ill

    Chapter 145 - The Concept of Renal Replacement Therapy Dose and Efficiency

    Chapter 146 - Quantification of Acute Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 147 - Principles of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Drugs Used in Extracorporeal Therapies

    Chapter 148 - Ethical Considerations in Acute Renal Replacement Therapy

    Section 24: Intermittent Renal Replacement Therapies

    Chapter 149 - Intermittent Techniques for Acute Dialysis

    Chapter 150 - Solute and Water Transport in Hemodialysis: Dialyzers, Flow Distribution, and Cross-Filtration

    Chapter 151 - Biocompatibility of the Dialysis System

    Chapter 152 - Composition of Hemodialysis Fluid

    Chapter 153 - Indications for and Contraindications to Intermittent Hemodialysis in Critically Ill Patients

    Chapter 154 - Technical and Clinical Complications of Intermittent Hemodialysis in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 155 - Correction of Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Derangements by Hemodialysis and Derived Techniques

    Chapter 156 - Urea Kinetics, Efficiency, and Adequacy of Hemodialysis and Other Intermittent Treatments

    Chapter 157 - Assessment of Fluid Status and Body Composition and Control of Fluid Balance With Intermittent Hemodialysis in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 158 - Outcomes of Intermittent Hemodialysis in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 159 - Hybrid Dialysis Techniques in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 160 - The Role of Plasmapheresis in Critical Illness

    Chapter 161 - Cascade Filtration for ABO Incompatible Transplant

    Chapter 162 - Nursing Issues and Procedures in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Section 25: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies (CRRT)

    Chapter 163 - Indications for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Renal Replacement Versus Renal Support

    Chapter 164 - Beginning and Ending Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 165 - Solute and Water Kinetics in Continuous Therapies

    Chapter 166 - Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Modalities and Their Selection

    Chapter 167 - Vascular Access for Acute Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 168 - Anticoagulation Strategies for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 169 - Nursing Strategies to Prevent Coagulation of the Extracorporeal Circuit

    Chapter 170 - Adequacy of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Prescription and Delivery

    Chapter 171 - High-Volume Hemofiltration in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 172 - Pulse High-Volume Hemofiltration in Management of Critically Ill Patients With Severe Sepsis or Septic Shock

    Chapter 173 - High Cutoff Membranes for Mediators Removal

    Chapter 174 - Clinical Effects of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies

    Chapter 175 - Antibiotic Adjustment in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 176 - Nomenclature: Basic Principles

    Chapter 177 - Nomenclature: Techniques

    Section 26: Peritoneal Dialysis in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 178 - Peritoneal Dialysis System

    Chapter 179 - Indications, Contraindications, and Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 180 - Solute and Water Transport Across the Peritoneal Barrier

    Chapter 181 - Choice of Peritoneal Dialysis Technique: Intermittent or Continuous

    Chapter 182 - Correction of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Derangements by Peritoneal Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 183 - Feasibility, Efficiency, and Adequacy of Peritoneal Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 184 - Clinical Results and Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 185 - Treatment of Peritonitis and Other Clinical Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 186 - Comparison of Peritoneal Dialysis With Other Treatments for Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 187 - Continuous-Flow Peritoneal Dialysis as Acute Therapy

    Chapter 188 - Nursing and Procedure Issues in Peritoneal Dialysis

    Section 27: Extracorporeal Blood Purification Techniques Beyond Dialysis

    Chapter 189 - Sorbents: From Basic Structure to Clinical Application

    Chapter 190 - Therapeutic Apheresis in Critically Ill Patients: Indications, Modalities and Techniques, Clinical Results

    Chapter 191 - Extracorporeal Blood Purification Techniques Beyond Dialysis: Coupled Plasmafiltration-Adsorption

    Chapter 192 - Prometheus System

    Chapter 193 - Toraymyxin and Other Endotoxin Adsorption Systems

    Chapter 194 - Plasmafiltration-Adsorption-Dialysis System

    Chapter 195 - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiac Support

    Chapter 196 - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Pulmonary Support

    Chapter 197 - Cell-Based Therapies

    Section 28: Critical Care Nephrology in Pediatrics

    Chapter 198 - Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 199 - Epidemiology of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 200 - Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Conservative Management to Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 201 - Technical Aspects of Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 202 - Multiple Organ Dysfunction in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 203 - Drug Dosing in Pediatric Acute Kidney Insufficiency and Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 204 - Nutrition of Critically Ill Children With Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 205 - Outcome of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 206 - Renal Replacement Therapy for the Critically Ill Infant

    Chapter 207 - Neonatal Hyperammonemia and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 208 - Modified Ultrafiltration in Pediatric Heart Surgery

    Chapter 209 - Techniques and Machines for Pediatric Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 210 - Antibiotics in Critically Ill Newborns and Children: Nephrotoxicity and Management During Renal Replacement Therapy

    Section 29: Kidney Transplantation and Critical Care

    Chapter 211 - Patient Selection and Pretransplantation Care for Kidney Transplant Recipients

    Chapter 212 - Kidney Support and Perioperative Care in Kidney Transplantation

    Chapter 213 - Acute Renal Failure in Kidney Transplant Recipients

    Section 30: Special Kidney Problems in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 214 - Management of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Kidney Disease Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 215 - Management of Patients with Diabetes in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 216 - Diagnosis and Management of Acute Kidney Injury in the Emergency Department

    Chapter 217 - Anticancer Drugs and the Kidney

    Chapter 218 - Antiinflammatory Drugs and the Kidney

    Chapter 219 - Calcineurin Inhibitors and Other Immunosuppressive Drugs and the Kidney

    Chapter 220 - Alternative Medicine and Chinese Herbs and the Kidney

    Chapter 221 - Environment, Smoking, Obesity, and the Kidney

    Chapter 222 - Lead and Heavy Metals and the Kidney

    Chapter 223 - Statins and the Kidney

    Chapter 224 - Erythropoietin Therapy in Critically Ill and Acute Kidney Injury Patients

    Chapter 225 - Vasoactive Drugs, Renal Function, and Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 226 - End Points for Clinical Trials in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 227 - Hypothermia and the Kidney

    Chapter 228 - Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers and Acute Kidney Injury

    Section 1: Principles of Critical Care

    Chapter 1 - The Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 2 - The Pathophysiologic Foundations of Critical Care

    Chapter 3 - Mechanical Ventilation

    Chapter 4 - Hemodynamic Support in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 5 - Monitoring Organ Dysfunction in Critical Care

    Chapter 6 - Kidney-Specific Severity Scores

    Section 2: Principles of Renal Physiology

    Chapter 7 - The Physiology of the Glomerulus

    Chapter 8 - The Physiology of the Loop of Henle

    Chapter 9 - Glomerular Filtration Rate, Renal Functional Reserve, and Kidney Stress Testing

    Chapter 10 - Renal Energy Consumption and Metabolism

    Section 3: Epidemiology of Acute Kidney Injury in Critical Care

    Chapter 11 - Acute Kidney Injury: From Clinical to Molecular Diagnosis

    Chapter 12 - Community- and Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 13 - Epidemiology of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients

    Chapter 14 - Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

    Section 4: Exposures and Patient Susceptibility

    Chapter 15 - Genetic Predisposition for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

    Chapter 16 - Risk Factors and Risk Assessment in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 17 - Experimental Models of Acute Kidney Injury

    Section 5: Humoral and Cellular Mechanisms of Kidney Damage

    Chapter 18 - Renal Blood Flow and Perfusion Pressure

    Chapter 19 - Humoral Mediators in Sepsis

    Chapter 20 - Cell Death Pathways: Apoptosis and Regulated Necrosis

    Chapter 21 - Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns, Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns, and Their Receptors in Acute Kidney Injury

    Section 6: Clinical Course of Acute Kidney Injury and Biomarkers

    Chapter 22 - Acute Kidney Disease

    Chapter 23 - Acute Kidney Disease, Renal Recovery, and Post-Acute Kidney Injury Care

    Chapter 24 - The Role of Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 25 - Functional Biomarkers

    Chapter 26 - Damage Biomarkers

    Chapter 27 - Kidney Stress Biomarkers

    Section 7: Mechanisms of Repair or Progression

    Chapter 28 - Renal Repair and Recovery

    Chapter 29 - Maladaptive Repair and Progression to CKD

    Chapter 30 - Biomarkers of Recovery and/or Repair Following Acute Kidney Injury

    Section 8: Renal Histopathology in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 31 - Practical Considerations of Renal Biopsies in Critical Care Patients

    Chapter 32 - Localization of Injury and Repair Pathways

    Section 9: Imaging Techniques in Critical Care Nephrology

    Chapter 33 - Ultrasonography and Doppler Techniques

    Chapter 34 - Contrast-Enhanced Renal Ultrasound

    Chapter 35 - Traditional Radiology, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Critical Care Nephrology

    Chapter 36 - Radionuclides Diagnostic Techniques

    Section 10: Clinical Syndromes and Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 37 - Multiple Organ Dysfunction

    Chapter 38 - Acute Kidney Injury in Burns and Trauma

    Chapter 39 - Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 40 - Acute Kidney Injury in Pregnancy

    Chapter 41 - Acute Kidney Injury in Oncology and Tumor Lysis Syndrome

    Chapter 42 - Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery

    Chapter 43 - Acute Kidney Injury in Major Surgery

    Chapter 44 - Acute Kidney Injury in Heart Failure

    Chapter 45 - Acute Kidney Injury in Cirrhosis

    Chapter 46 - Acute Renal Failure in Kidney Transplant Recipients

    Chapter 47 - Acute Glomerulonephritis

    Chapter 48 - Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 49 - Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

    Chapter 50 - Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

    Section 11: Prevention and Treatment: General Treatment Concepts

    Chapter 51 - Nonpharmacologic Management of Acute Renal Injury

    Chapter 52 - Novel Drugs for Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 53 - Remote Ischemic Preconditioning

    Section 12: Fluid and Electrolytes

    Chapter 54 - Blood Biochemistry: Measuring Major Plasma Electrolytes

    Chapter 55 - Assessment of Urine Biochemistry

    Chapter 56 - Disorders of Sodium and Water Balance

    Chapter 57 - Disorders of Potassium and Magnesium

    Chapter 58 - Calcium and Phosphate Physiology

    Chapter 59 - Principles of Fluid Therapy

    Chapter 60 - Blood Transfusion Therapy

    Chapter 61 - Loop and Thiazide Diuretics

    Chapter 62 - Vaptans and the Treatment of Hyponatremia

    Chapter 63 - Aldosterone Antagonists, Amiloride, and Triamterene

    Section 13: Acid-Base

    Chapter 64 - Laboratory Tests: Blood Gases, Anion Gap, and Strong Ion Gap

    Chapter 65 - Acid-Base Physiology and Diagnosis of Disorders

    Chapter 66 - Metabolic Acidosis

    Chapter 67 - Hyperlactatemia and Lactic Acidosis

    Chapter 68 - Renal Tubular Acidosis

    Chapter 69 - Metabolic Alkalosis

    Chapter 70 - Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders

    Chapter 71 - Iatrogenic and Poison-Derived Acid Base Disorders

    Section 14: Metabolism and Nutrition in Critical Illness and Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 72 - Energy Requirement and Consumption in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 73 - Impact of Renal Replacement Therapy on Metabolism and Nutrient Requirements in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 74 - Amino Acid Turnover, Protein Metabolism, and Nitrogen Balance in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 75 - Carbohydrates and Lipids

    Chapter 76 - Endocrinology of the Stress Response During Critical Illness

    Chapter 77 - Anemia of Critical Illness

    Chapter 78 - Management of Nutrition in Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 79 - Blood Glucose Control in Critical Care

    Chapter 80 - Enteral Nutrition

    Section 15: Infectious Diseases and Sepsis

    Chapter 81 - Microbiologic Considerations in the Intensive Care Patient

    Chapter 82 - Innate Immunity and the Kidney

    Chapter 83 - Adaptive Immunity and Critical Illness

    Chapter 84 - Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Hepatorenal Syndrome

    Chapter 85 - Tropical Infections Causing Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 86 - Sepsis and Septic Shock

    Chapter 87 - Complement and Its Consequences in Sepsis

    Chapter 88 - Coagulation Abnormalities in Sepsis

    Dysfunction of the Kidney in Sepsis

    Book chapterFull text access

    Chapter 89 - Endothelial Dysfunction of the Kidney in Sepsis

    Chapter 90 - Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 91 - Recommendations for Sepsis Management

    Chapter 92 - Principles of Antimicrobial Prescription in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 93 - Renal Replacement Therapy for Septic Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 94 - Blood Purification for Sepsis

    Chapter 95 - Management of Infection in Patients With Kidney Transplant

    Chapter 96 - Critical Care Viral Infections

    Chapter 97 - Principles of Antibiotic Prescription in Intensive Care Unit Patients and Patients With Acute Renal Failure

    Section 16: Acute Intoxication and Poisoning

    Chapter 98 - Drugs and Antidotes in Acute Intoxication

    Chapter 99 - Extracorporeal Therapies in Acute Intoxication and Poisoning

    Chapter 100 - Plasmapheresis in Acute Intoxication and Poisoning

    Chapter 101 - Poisoning: Kinetics to Therapeutics

    Section 17: Acute Kidney Injury and Organ Crosstalk

    Chapter 102 - Bleeding and Hemostasis in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 103 - Gastrointestinal Problems in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 104 - Cardiovascular Problems in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 105 - Water and Electrolyte Disturbances in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 106 - Neurologic Problems in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 107 - Immunologic and Infectious Complications of Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 108 - Cellular Response to Acute Kidney Injury

    Section 18: Interaction of the Heart and the Kidney

    Chapter 109 - Heart-Kidney Cross-Talk

    Chapter 110 - Classification of Cardiorenal Syndrome

    Chapter 111 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1

    Chapter 112 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 2

    Chapter 113 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 3

    Chapter 114 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 4

    Chapter 115 - Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 5

    Chapter 116 - Renal Function During Cardiac Mechanical Support and Artificial Heart

    Chapter 117 - The Kidney in Diastolic Dysfunction

    Chapter 118 - Principles of Diuretic Management in Heart Failure

    Chapter 119 - Management of Overhydration in Heart Failure Patients

    Chapter 120 - Recent Advances for Stroke Prevention in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Advanced Kidney Disease

    Section 19: Interaction of the Lung and Kidney

    Chapter 121 - Lung-Kidney Cross-Talk

    Chapter 122 - The Kidney During Mechanical Ventilation

    Chapter 123 - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Renal Function

    Chapter 124 - Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal

    Chapter 125 - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Adults and Children

    Chapter 126 - Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome

    Section 20: The Liver and the Kidney

    Chapter 127 - Liver-Kidney Interaction

    Chapter 128 - Pathophysiology and Management of the Hepatorenal Syndrome

    Chapter 129 - Kidney Dysfunction After Liver Transplantation

    Chapter 130 - Extracorporeal Liver Support Devices

    Section 21: Interaction of the Brain and the Kidney

    Chapter 131 - Treatment of Combined Acute Renal Failure and Cerebral Edema

    Chapter 132 - Renal Protection in the Organ Donor

    Chapter 133 - Effect of Extracorporeal Therapies on the Brain

    Section 22: Fluid Balance and its Management in the Critically Ill

    Chapter 134 - Components of Fluid Balance and Monitoring

    Chapter 135 - Noninvasive Methods of Fluid Status Assessment in Critically Ill Patients

    Chapter 136 - Management of Fluid Overload in Cardiorenal Patients: The Five B Approach

    Chapter 137 - Mechanical Fluid Removal

    Section 23: General Principles of Acute Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 138 - Indications for Renal Replacement Therapy in the Critically Ill

    Chapter 139 - Principles of Extracorporeal Circulation and Transport Phenomena

    Chapter 140 - Membranes and Filters for Use in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 141 - Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Machine Technology

    Chapter 142 - Principles of Anticoagulation in Extracorporeal Circuits

    Chapter 143 - Dialysis Solutions and Replacement Fluids

    Chapter 144 - Starting and Stopping Renal Replacement Therapy in the Critically Ill

    Chapter 145 - The Concept of Renal Replacement Therapy Dose and Efficiency

    Chapter 146 - Quantification of Acute Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 147 - Principles of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Drugs Used in Extracorporeal Therapies

    Chapter 148 - Ethical Considerations in Acute Renal Replacement Therapy

    Section 24: Intermittent Renal Replacement Therapies

    Chapter 149 - Intermittent Techniques for Acute Dialysis

    Chapter 150 - Solute and Water Transport in Hemodialysis: Dialyzers, Flow Distribution, and Cross-Filtration

    Chapter 151 - Biocompatibility of the Dialysis System

    Chapter 152 - Composition of Hemodialysis Fluid

    Chapter 153 - Indications for and Contraindications to Intermittent Hemodialysis in Critically Ill Patients

    Chapter 154 - Technical and Clinical Complications of Intermittent Hemodialysis in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 155 - Correction of Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Derangements by Hemodialysis and Derived Techniques

    Chapter 156 - Urea Kinetics, Efficiency, and Adequacy of Hemodialysis and Other Intermittent Treatments

    Chapter 157 - Assessment of Fluid Status and Body Composition and Control of Fluid Balance With Intermittent Hemodialysis in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 158 - Outcomes of Intermittent Hemodialysis in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 159 - Hybrid Dialysis Techniques in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 160 - The Role of Plasmapheresis in Critical Illness

    Chapter 161 - Cascade Filtration for ABO Incompatible Transplant

    Chapter 162 - Nursing Issues and Procedures in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Section 25: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies (CRRT)

    Chapter 163 - Indications for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Renal Replacement Versus Renal Support

    Chapter 164 - Beginning and Ending Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 165 - Solute and Water Kinetics in Continuous Therapies

    Chapter 166 - Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Modalities and Their Selection

    Chapter 167 - Vascular Access for Acute Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 168 - Anticoagulation Strategies for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 169 - Nursing Strategies to Prevent Coagulation of the Extracorporeal Circuit

    Chapter 170 - Adequacy of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Prescription and Delivery

    Chapter 171 - High-Volume Hemofiltration in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 172 - Pulse High-Volume Hemofiltration in Management of Critically Ill Patients With Severe Sepsis or Septic Shock

    Chapter 173 - High Cutoff Membranes for Mediators Removal

    Chapter 174 - Clinical Effects of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies

    Chapter 175 - Antibiotic Adjustment in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 176 - Nomenclature: Basic Principles

    Chapter 177 - Nomenclature: Techniques

    Section 26: Peritoneal Dialysis in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 178 - Peritoneal Dialysis System

    Chapter 179 - Indications, Contraindications, and Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 180 - Solute and Water Transport Across the Peritoneal Barrier

    Chapter 181 - Choice of Peritoneal Dialysis Technique: Intermittent or Continuous

    Chapter 182 - Correction of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Derangements by Peritoneal Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 183 - Feasibility, Efficiency, and Adequacy of Peritoneal Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 184 - Clinical Results and Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 185 - Treatment of Peritonitis and Other Clinical Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in the Critically Ill Patient

    Chapter 186 - Comparison of Peritoneal Dialysis With Other Treatments for Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 187 - Continuous-Flow Peritoneal Dialysis as Acute Therapy

    Chapter 188 - Nursing and Procedure Issues in Peritoneal Dialysis

    Section 27: Extracorporeal Blood Purification Techniques Beyond Dialysis

    Chapter 189 - Sorbents: From Basic Structure to Clinical Application

    Chapter 190 - Therapeutic Apheresis in Critically Ill Patients: Indications, Modalities and Techniques, Clinical Results

    Chapter 191 - Extracorporeal Blood Purification Techniques Beyond Dialysis: Coupled Plasmafiltration-Adsorption

    Chapter 192 - Prometheus System

    Chapter 193 - Toraymyxin and Other Endotoxin Adsorption Systems

    Chapter 194 - Plasmafiltration-Adsorption-Dialysis System

    Chapter 195 - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiac Support

    Chapter 196 - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Pulmonary Support

    Chapter 197 - Cell-Based Therapies

    Section 28: Critical Care Nephrology in Pediatrics

    Chapter 198 - Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 199 - Epidemiology of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 200 - Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Conservative Management to Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 201 - Technical Aspects of Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 202 - Multiple Organ Dysfunction in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 203 - Drug Dosing in Pediatric Acute Kidney Insufficiency and Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 204 - Nutrition of Critically Ill Children With Acute Renal Failure

    Chapter 205 - Outcome of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 206 - Renal Replacement Therapy for the Critically Ill Infant

    Chapter 207 - Neonatal Hyperammonemia and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 208 - Modified Ultrafiltration in Pediatric Heart Surgery

    Chapter 209 - Techniques and Machines for Pediatric Renal Replacement Therapy

    Chapter 210 - Antibiotics in Critically Ill Newborns and Children: Nephrotoxicity and Management During Renal Replacement Therapy

    Section 29: Kidney Transplantation and Critical Care

    Chapter 211 - Patient Selection and Pretransplantation Care for Kidney Transplant Recipients

    Chapter 212 - Kidney Support and Perioperative Care in Kidney Transplantation

    Chapter 213 - Acute Renal Failure in Kidney Transplant Recipients

    Section 30: Special Kidney Problems in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 214 - Management of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Kidney Disease Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 215 - Management of Patients with Diabetes in the Intensive Care Unit

    Chapter 216 - Diagnosis and Management of Acute Kidney Injury in the Emergency Department

    Chapter 217 - Anticancer Drugs and the Kidney

    Chapter 218 - Antiinflammatory Drugs and the Kidney

    Chapter 219 - Calcineurin Inhibitors and Other Immunosuppressive Drugs and the Kidney

    Chapter 220 - Alternative Medicine and Chinese Herbs and the Kidney

    Chapter 221 - Environment, Smoking, Obesity, and the Kidney

    Chapter 222 - Lead and Heavy Metals and the Kidney

    Chapter 223 - Statins and the Kidney

    Chapter 224 - Erythropoietin Therapy in Critically Ill and Acute Kidney Injury Patients

    Chapter 225 - Vasoactive Drugs, Renal Function, and Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 226 - End Points for Clinical Trials in Acute Kidney Injury

    Chapter 227 - Hypothermia and the Kidney

    Chapter 228 - Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers and Acute Kidney Injury

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